BIOL 189: Fundamentals of Life Science

Explore the world of Spirillum bacteria, their spiral shape, and their distinct features. Contrast them with Spirochetes, highlighting differences in flagella and structure. Understand key characteristics that set Spirillum apart from other bacteria.

Discover the origins of specialized cells in embryonic development and learn about the three essential germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Explore how these layers form the foundation for all multicellular life.

Discover the differences between hydrocarbons and other organic molecules. While hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen, other organic molecules integrate more elements and functional groups. This distinction leads to diverse chemical properties and vital biological functions.

Explore the Evolutionary History of Invertebrates: Are Beetles Related? Discover the intricate web of invertebrate evolution, dating back over 500 million years, and why beetles and their invertebrate counterparts do not share a common ancestry.

Discover the intricate world of phylogenetic systematics, a method revealing life's diverse connections. Dive into the tree-like structure representing evolutionary relationships. Unravel how shared traits help sketch the ever-evolving story of life

Explore the intricate layers of organization in the human body. From molecules to the complete organism, understand the sequential formation of our biological structure. Uncover the reasons behind incorrect hierarchical interpretations.