EXAM 1

Do stronger acids have weakest conjugate bases?

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STUDY SHEET

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ACIDS and BASES *Ht's are lost if bonded to electrone gative atom.

K VALVES - • Arrhenius Acid clonate it $ 1 Ka; the stronger the ucid

(KAP HA+ H20%A-+

• Athenius Base → donate OH * Stronger acids have weaker coniugare bases. (KB) A + H2O HATO --- Bronsted Lowry Acid → donate Ht

(Kw [ow][++] = 1x10-14

m ACID STRENGTH

k a (reacting acid-WA)

• Bronsted Lowy Base + accept H+

HA+

Ka (produced acid-HB) ho doesn't have to contain 04-!

HX .... I period, stronger acid HXO.... I electronegativity, stronger

insig figs of logs, the digits !

decimal ave not significant was EQUATIONS

3 HXO 2/3/4 ... ? #of oxygens stronger

What are the components for stronger acids?

exponent * ph/pow/pka = -log(*+/oH"/ka)

oooooooooo 10-PH/polt/pka = 14t/oh-lka * Strong bases have Ott in them! A WATER CONTRIBUTI

olf [ht] or [OH-] is 510-6 of

0 Kalk, is = 10-16 water contrib: pH of SALT SOLUTIONS

POLYPROTIC ACIDS

o is 1x10 PM and pH is 7. AS consid of weakbease (NA) * Kg, always bigger.

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EXAM 1

STUDY SHEET

TITRATIONS

Anolyte

ACIDS and BASES *Ats are lost if bunded to electrone getire atom.

K VALVES

- Arrhenius Acid donate HP * 1 Ka; the stronger the acid

(KA) HA + H2O A + H30+

Archenius Base --> donate OH * Stronger acids have weaku conjugate bases.

(KB) A+H2O HATOH

- Bronsted Lowry Acid donate H+

(Kw[om-][**] = 1 x 10-14

· Boonsted Lowry Base + accept H+ ACID STRENGTH

What is Indirect Base Addition?

Knct. Ka (reating acid-HA) HA+B-SA +HB

Ka (prodvud aid-HB)

ho doesn't have to contain on-!

O HX .... period stronger acid 2 HXO.... T electronegativity, stronger

*In sig figs of logs, the digits before the

EQUATIONS

decimal are not significant la come from

HXO4314 * . T * of oxygens, stronger Don't forget about the age old question of bussey ucsd

exponent

pH/poi/pKa = - 109SH+/oH-/ka)

booooooooooo 10-PH/polt/pka = 4+ /OH-/ka * Strong bases have Ott in them! * O WATER CONTRIBUTION 6

& If [H+] or [OH-] is 510-6 OR A pH of SALT SOLUTIONS 7 POLYPROTIC ACIDS Kask, is a 10-16, water contribution o

o is 1x10-7M and pH is 7.

O ACIDIC : conj. uuid of weak louse (what) * Ka, always bigger.

BASIC : conj. bose of weak acid (F-) * Kaz = [2nd product] G NEUTRAL. Group la or ZA metal ion

* 2 cavations → 2 ICE tables

:conjugate buse of strong acid

Strong acid :) - 109 (470"]

* The bigger Kako represents Solution's response!

© Stung Base :- log [OH-]

ie. Neutral + Strong Base - basic We also discuss several other topics like the occurrence of spontaneous recovery suggests that during extinction
If you want to learn more check out amath 301
We also discuss several other topics like scp-101

weak Acid: [H* fuuna] = Ka (use ce table!)

Egiven M- He found)

BUFFERS We also discuss several other topics like What is cognitive neuroscience?

@Tweak Base use [a], ICE table, Ko + Capacity = concentiction of acid/wce pour; the close the ratio tor; Wwfer capacity Buffers calculate equilibrium mmol of HAJA + Range - buffer over a pH range of pkat!

ve - Mequation to calculak pH

+/H-H1 pH-pka + log [A-] -----> only use when acid t base have similar

CHAJ - + Achieving Rectio= 0 Ditect: odd quantities of acid/conjugale bage Indisect Base Addition: add strong bose to weak acid (HA+OH-)

A) Equivalente volume of fitrant

Indirect Acid Addition: add strong acid to meak base (A-+*+)

find where moltitront=anal ® pH before tittunt added: ICE table of analyte + water © pH at midpoint: pH-pku pH at equivalence point: 194 ICE: analyte + fitrant is bufer If you want to learn more check out eco 2013 exam 2

2nd ILE: switch reactants products

bofe no longer a buffer ist equivalence point analyte + tittant; excess titant se

-109[ow/w*) (no Heft equation!)

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quantities!