His 101 - Class Notes - Week 4

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Lecture:ImperialConnections(1660-1753) Connections •  Coloniesinfluencedbytheeventsoftheoutsideworld.
•  InfluencedbyBritishlaws
•  EnglishRestoration
•  InternationalTrade
•  InternationalWarfare
•  PhilosophicalMovement InternationalTrade •  Mercantilism o  Britishempirewasacommercialempirewithoncecenter
o  Rawmaterialsflowinfromcolonies
o  ColoniesresourcesarebroughtbackintoEnglandandthen transformedintoEnglishgoods. o  Thegoodsarethentradeoutofthecountryforwealth
o  NavigationsActs-basicallytradelawsEnglandplacedonthecolonies
o  ColoniescanonlytradewiththeEngland. •  TriangularTrade o o  Rawmaterialsgoingfromcoloniestocolonialpowers
o  Enslavedpeoplebeingtradedthroughthemiddlepassage •  Smugglingwasverycommoninthecolonies MiddlePassage •  Mainpassageforslavetrade
•  Tightlypacked o  16inchformula § 2feettall § 6feetlong § 16incheswide •  Highdeathrates EnglishRestoration •  AftertheEnglishCivilWar
•  ReturnorrestorationofEnglishMonarchy
•  OliverCornwell
•  CharlesII(1660)

Lecture:ImperialConnections(1660-1753) EnglishCivilWar(1642-1651) •  Parliamentarians(Roundheads)versusRoyalists(Cavaliers) o  Parliamentariansbelievedinpowertothepeople/parliament (includedPuritans) o  Royalistsbelievedinmonarchy •  Longhistory o  DatesbacktoJamesI,whobelovedinthedivineright •  Religious,social,andpoliticalmotivations o  Seekingmorereform
o  PuritanswanttoreformfromtheAnglicanChurch. •  CharlesI o  SucceededJamesI(1625)
o  Alsobelievesindivineright
o  MorecatholicthanJamesI
o  RecalledParliamentinlate1620sbutthendissolvesit
o  RecallsParliamentagainin1640tofinanceawarwithScotland
o  ParliamentmakesamoveagainsttheKingandfightingeruptsin1642
o  CharlesIwasexecutedin1649 •  OliverCornwell o  LeaderofcommonwealthinEngland(1653)untildeathin1658
o  Comestoendwithrestoration RestorationColonies •  NewYork o  Britishcolony(1664)
o  NetherlandssurrendersthelandtotheBritishin1664
o  CharlesIIgivesaproprietarychartertohisbrotherJames,Dukeof York •  NewJersey o  Createdin1664
o  PortionofNewYork
o  DukeofYorkgivesthispieceoflandtoSirJohnBerkleyandSir GeorgeCarteret •  Pennsylvania o  GivenasagiftfromCharlesIItoWilliamPennin1681(landgrant)
o  Quakers § Liberalbeliefs § Believeeverypersoncouldachievesalvation § Noestablishedclergy § Promotedlimitedgenderequality § NotmuchconflictwithNativeAmericans o  Verytolerantcolony § Noestablishedchurch § Alllandownerscouldvote

Lecture:ImperialConnections(1660-1753) •  Delaware o  LowerthreecountiesofPennsylvaniasplitofftoformDelaware
o  WilliamPennInheritedthesesettlementsfromtheDukeofYork (1682) o  ControlsportaccesstoPhiladelphia
o  Formedownassemblyin1701
o  Grantedstatusin1704 •  Carolinas o  Kinggrantsproprietarychartertoeightaristocratsin1663
o  Thearistocratscreateahierarchicalsociety
o  TheyhireJohnLocketocreatetheFundamentalConstitutionof Carolinain1669 o  CaribbeanplantersflockintoCarolinaandbringslaverywiththem
o  SouthCarolinaemergesasaroyalcolonyin1719
o  SlaverydominatesSouthCarolina § Largericeplantations § By1720,1/3ofthepopulationwillbeslaves o  NorthCarolina o  Bath(firstcity)foundedin1704
o  Becomesaroyalcolonyin1729
o  Sparselysettled
o  Smallfarmers
o  Notmuchslaveagricultureearlyon
o  Lumberandfurbecametheprimaryindustries •  DominionofNewEngland* o  JamesIIbecameangrywiththeNewEnglandcoloniesduetotheir treatmentofAnglicans,sotocrackdownonthem,hetookawaythe
NewEnglandcolonieschartersandcreatedtheDominionofNew
Englandin1686 o  PlacedSirEdmundAndrosincharge
o  InMassachusetts: § AnglicanChurchdeterminedtheonlyreligion § Taxwithoutconsent § Existinglandtitleschallenged TheGloriousRevolution •  JamesIIdethroned
•  ParliamentsupportsWilliamandMary
•  WilliamandMarycomeandassumeleadershipofEngland GloriousRevolutioninColonialAmerica •  ColoniesthrowoffDominiongovernors
•  Massachusettsregimenit’sroyalchatterin1691
•  Representativeassembliesreestablished
•  Peoplebecomemoreprotectiveoftheirpoliticalrights
•  Theelitesbecomemoresensitivetothoppressionofthepeople

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