Description
ABILITY
• Ability refers to the relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities.
– Ability is relatively stable.
– Abilities are a function of both genes and the environment.
• OB on Screen
– Gattaca
• Cognitive abilities are capabilities related to the acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving. We also discuss several other topics like What is the thinnest layer of the meninges?
– Verbal ability refers to various capabilities associated with understanding and expressing oral and written communication.
• Oral comprehension is the ability to understand spoken words and sentences.
• Written comprehension is the ability to understand written words and sentences.
• Oral expression refers to the ability to communicate ideas by
speaking
• Written expression refers to the ability to communicate ideas in writing
• Quantitative ability refers to two types of mathematical capabilities. – Number facility is the capability to do simple math operations (adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing). Don't forget about the age old question of What is permanency planning in child welfare?
– Mathematical reasoning refers to the ability to choose and apply formulas to solve problems that involve numbers.
• Reasoning ability is actually a diverse set of abilities associated with sensing and solving problems using insight, rules, and logic.
– Problem sensitivity is the ability to sense that there’s a problem or likely will be one.
• Ex: Radiologist who can read and understand x-rays
– Deductive reasoning refers to the use of general rules to solve problems. • Judge who can determine who is guilty based on rules
– Inductive reasoning refers to the ability to consider several specific pieces of information and then reach a more general conclusion regarding how those pieces are related.
• Like CSI; gather data and make conclusion based on that
– Originality refers to the ability to develop clever and novel ways to solve problems.
• Creativity
• Spatial ability
– Spatial orientation refers to having a good understanding of where one is relative to other things in the environment.
– Visualization is the ability to imagine how separate things will look if they were put together in a particular way. Don't forget about the age old question of What is an example of an inductive reasoning?
• Perceptual abilities generally refer to being able to perceive, understand, and recall patterns of information.
– Speed and flexibility of closure refers to being able to pick out a pattern of information quickly in the presence of distracting information, even without all the information present.
– Perceptual speed refers to being able to examine and compare numbers, letters, and objects quickly.
1. Ice, towel
2. Born on the same day of the week or they’re triplets
3. The “u” in the month name
4. Change the second plus sign to a 4
• People who are high on verbal abilities also tend to be high on reasoning, quantitative, spatial, and perceptual abilities.
• The most popular explanation for the similarity in the levels of different cognitive abilities within people is that there is a general mental ability —sometimes called g or the g factor —that underlies or causes all of the more specific cognitive abilities discussed so far. Don't forget about the age old question of What are social environmental factors?
• The “g-factor”
**Emotional Ability
• Emotional intelligence is a human ability that affects social functioning. – Self-awareness is the appraisal and expression of emotions in oneself. • Ability of an individual to understand the types of emotions he or she is experiencing, the willingness to acknowledge them, and the
capability to express them naturally. Don't forget about the age old question of How does iodine get into follicular cells?
– Other awareness is the appraisal and recognition of emotion in others. • Person’s ability to recognize and understand the emotions that other
people are feeling.
• Emotional intelligence, continued
– Emotion regulation refers to being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences. We also discuss several other topics like What are the four stages of resocialization?
– Use of emotions reflects the degree to which people can harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they are seeking to do.
• Ex: When you are giving a speech, use your emotions positively to
give you excitement rather than for anxiety
• It is a more important determinant of job performance for people with lower levels of cognitive intelligence.
• It is the foundation for cultural intelligence.
Physical Abilities
How Important is Ability
• Cognitive ability is a strong predictor of job performance — in particular, the task performance aspect.
• People who have higher general cognitive ability tend to be better at learning and decision-making.
The Wonderlic Personnel Test
• Given the strong relationship between general cognitive ability and job performance, many organizations are using ability tests to hire new employees. • Wonderlic Personnel Test is a 12-minute test of general cognitive ability that consists of 50 questions.
– Offers recommendations for minimum passing scores for different job families.
Takeaways
• Ability refers to the relatively stable capabilities of people to perform a particular range of different but related activities. Differences in ability are a function of both genes and the environment.
• Cognitive abilities include verbal ability, quantitative ability, reasoning ability, spatial ability, and perceptual ability. General mental ability, or g, underlies all of these more specific cognitive abilities.
• Emotional intelligence includes four specific kinds of emotional skills: self awareness, other awareness, emotion regulation, and use of emotions. • Physical abilities include strength, stamina, flexibility and coordination, psychomotor abilities, and sensory abilities.
• General cognitive ability has a strong positive relationship with job performance, due primarily to its effects on task performance. In contrast, general cognitive ability is not related to organizational commitment.
• Many organizations use cognitive ability tests to hire applicants with high levels of general mental ability. One of the most commonly used tests is the Wonderlic Personnel Test.
❖ Your IQ peaks at 18 years old and slowly goes down over time b/c of your speed and hand-eye coordination