Geography 104 World Geography: Global Context Spring 2017 Study Guide EXAM 2 - Midterm – Dr. Smith The following questions provide a GUIDE to the material, which could be covered, on the  exam. Please remember that material may also be found in the book and from the videos shown in class.   Part I: Map ID South & Central America Mexico Cuba Bahamas Haiti Dominican Republic Jamaica Puerto Rico Guatemala Belize Nicaragua Costa Rica Panama Colombia Venezuela Ecuador Chile Peru El Salvador Uruguay Guyana Surinam Trinidad and Tobago French Guiana Brazil Argentina Paraguay Honduras Bolivia Europe Norway Sweden Finland Iceland Ireland United Kingdom Portugal Spain France Italy Monaco Andorra Belgium Netherlands Luxembourg Germany Denmark Poland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Czech Republic Slovakia Austria Hungary Switzerland Romania Bulgaria Slovenia Bosnia & Herzegovina Croatia Montenegro Albania Macedonia Greece Serbia Vatican City Russia and Post-Soviet States Russia Belarus Ukraine Moldova Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan

How does it affect people?

2) What is the pattern of orographic precipitation in the Andes Mountains?

1) What is population density and distribution?

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Geog 104 – Study Guide Spring 17 Exam 2 – Dr. Smith Page 1 of 4 Part II: Key Terms to Define Population pyramid Population density Demographic transition model Altitudinal zonation Amazon Basin Panama Canal Cold War El Nino Isthmus Incas Aztecs Mayans Favela Primate city Hispaniola Treaty of Tordesillas Monroe Doctrine Guest worker Brexit Euro European Union Migrant Schengen Accords Immigration European Economic  Community (EEC) Cultural homogenization Turkestan The Silk Road Oligarch Continentality USSR Communism Privatization Shock Therapy

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Part III: Check for Understanding 1) What is population density and distribution? 2) What is the pattern of orographic precipitation in the Andes Mountains? 3) What is El Nino? How does it affect people? 4) How do people grow crops in mountainous areas of South America? 5) What is the climate variation of South America? 6) South America is described as a region of what physical contrast? 7) What are the main physical features of Central and South America? 8) What physical processes combine to create the conditions for the Atacama Desert? 9) What is altitudinal zonation? 10) Which crops grow in which regions? 11) What are the key characteristics of the Amazon River Basin? a. Why is the tropical rainforest so important? 12) What is the significance or geophysical impact of the Andes Mountains? 13) Where are the Sierra Madres? 14) What are the population patterns of Central and South America? 15) Most of the countries in Central and South America are in which stages of the  demographic transition model? 16) Who colonized Central and South America? 17) What happened to pre-colonial societies after colonization? Why? 18) What pre-colonial civilizations inhabited this area? a. Where were they? b. What were their significant achievements? 19) What are the urban patterns of Central & South America? 20) What are favelas? 21) Why do favelas form? 22) What is the controversy about favelas in Rio de Janeiro? a. How is this an example of globalization? 23) What is a primate city? Geog 104 – Study Guide Spring 17 Exam 2 – Dr. Smith Page 2 of 4a. Give some examples. 24) What is an isthmus? 25) Describe the impacts of colonization on Central and South America. 26) What has been the role of the United States in Central and South America? Why? 27) What was the EEC? a. What were its goals? 28) What led to the creation of the EU? a. Which states are not members? b. What the regulations for joining the EU? c. What types of laws govern in the EU? d. How many governing branches are there? 29) What are the goals of the EU? Why does it exist at all?  30) Why have Norway and Switzerland resisted EU membership? 31) What is the euro? 32) What happened to cause Brexit? 33) What are the reasons UK wants to leave EU? 34) What are the reasons UK should stay in EU? 35) What are the three sub-regions of the Russia and CIS region? a. Where are they? b. What are their major characteristics – why are they grouped together as sub regions? 36) What is the overall population pattern in Russia & CIS? 37) Where are the low population densities? 38) What is different about population growth in this region? a. Is the region homogenous? b. What are the fertility and birth rates? 39) What are the contrasting demographic patterns in the sub-regions of Russia and the Post-Soviet States?  40) How many ethnic groups are represented in Russia and the CIS? a. What is their geographic distribution? 41) What are the main characteristics of the Russian economy? a. What were some of the challenges faced by the Post-Soviet States in coming out of  a command economy? b. How did this enable the rise of the oligarchs in Russia? c. What forms the basis of Russia expanding economy? 42) Which physical features dominate Russia and the CIS? 43) What is the physical pattern of Russia and the Post-Soviet states as you move from  West to East? 44) What is the importance of the Ural Mountains? 45) What is continentality? a. How does it affect local weather and climate? b. Why is does it affect local weather and climate? 46) Where are there volcanoes in Russia? 47) Where are there deserts in this region? 48) Where are the major mountain chains in this region? 49) What is the dominant climate type in this region? a. What area has temperate climates? 50) When did the Soviet Union form? 51) What does the USSR stand for? 52) Who was Vladamir Lenin? 53) Who was Josef Stalin? 54) What the main goal of Lenin and Stalin? a. What is one of the main and important differences between Lenin and Stalin? Geog 104 – Study Guide Spring 17 Exam 2 – Dr. Smith Page 3 of 4b. What is Josef Stalin known for? 55) Who is Vladamir Putin? 56) What is a communist government? 57) What were some of the defining characteristics of Stalin’s rule in Russia? 58) According to Karl Marx, what is communism? 59) According to the lectures in class, what is socialism? a. What are the potential benefits of this system? b. What are the major failures of communism in Russia/USSR? 60) What led to the fall of the USSR? 61) What is the Commonwealth of Newly Independent States? 62) What is the historical significance of the Ukraine in terms of its relationship with  Russia? 63) Where is Crimea? 64) Where is Chechnya? 65) Why is this region of important influence for Russia and the Post-Soviet States? 66) What contributes to ongoing conflict in the region? Geog 104 – Study Guide Spring 17 Exam 2 – Dr. Smith Page 4 of 4

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