BYU - PHY S 100 - Phy S 100, Week 1 Notes - Class Notes

Created by: Erica Bassett Elite Notetaker

Schools > Brigham Young University > OTHER > PHY S 100 > BYU - PHY S 100 - Phy S 100, Week 1 Notes - Class Notes

School: Brigham Young University

Department: OTHER

Course: Physical Science

Professor: Patricia Ackroyd

Term: Spring 2017

Tags: Physics

Name: Phy S 100, Week 1 Notes

Description: Newton's laws of motion, velocity and acceleration; clarifies common misconceptions

Uploaded: 09/15/2017

This preview shows page 1 of a 2 page document. to view the rest of the content

Chapter Two: Laws Governing Motion *While a force of some kind is necessary to create motion, force is not necessary to sustain it. *
   First Law of Motion • "An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, unless
acted upon by a force" • Uniform motion: motion at a constant speed in a straight line (no acceleration) o That constant speed could be a constant speed of zero (at rest) or any other constant speed. • State of motion: an object's speed and direction    Velocity and Acceleration • Velocity = speed + direction o Distance in a particular direction covered in a certain time • Acceleration: a change in velocity • Acceleration has magnitude and direction   o Centripetal acceleration: acceleration at a right angle to an object's velocity, changing
direction but not speed   ▪ Example: earth orbiting the Sun; any circular path o Acceleration: rate at which speed or direction changes    Intro to Second Law of Motion • Force: push or pull on an object (in a direction); shown by arrows • Net force: sum of all forces present on an object • Acceleration is caused by force, but force is NOT caused by acceleration o Balanced-out forces = net force of 0 (no change in state of motion) o Ex: gravity keeps you in your seat. Gravity is a force, but it's not accelerating you into the
ground because the chair equally pushes upward on you. You don't change your state of
motion (laziness :P ) o Acceleration is caused by unbalanced forces • Force measured in pounds (lbs.) or newtons (N) in metric system    Mass • A property/characteristic of a body which determines how much it accelerates when a force is
applied o Which would you rather push to a gas station: a semi or a scooter? Yeah, me too. Since you
are an equal amount of force on the semi and the scooter, the fact remains that the scooter
will accelerate more than the semi with the equal force applied to it.   o The difficulty of getting an object to change its state of motion o MASS IS NOT WEIGHT. Weight is the force of gravity on a particular mass, which can change
with location (ex: earth vs. mars). No matter location, mass WILL NOT CHANGE.

This is the end of the preview. Please to view the rest of the content