Description
● Review anatomical terminology(terms of movement)
●
● Median (midsagittal), Frontal (coronal) plane, transverse plane
○ depression/elevation
○ anterior/posterior
○ superior/inferior
○ medial/lateral medial rotation/lateral rotation
○ proximal/distal
○ deep(internal)/superficial
○ extension/flexion/hyperextension
○ Lateral flexion
○ abduction/adduction/oppination
○ supination/pronation
○ circumduction/dorsiflexion/plantarflexion
○ inversion/eversion
● Tips for learning actions of muscles **KNOW THE FUNCTION, ACTION, NAMES** ○ Location: most muscles on the anterior side of the body are flexors. Those on posterior side are extensors
○ Fiber orientation: this will help you understand movement that occurs when the muscle contracts
○ Joint crossed: in order for a muscle to cause movement at a joint the muscle or its tendon must cross that joint
● Eccentric vs. Concentric Contraction
○ Biceps brachii flexion of the forearm at the elbow
○ Triceps brachii extension of the forearm at the elbow
● Opening a door- supination of the forearm→ biceps brachii and supinator (soup)
● Mo’ne Davis 13 yr old who pitched a shutout to send her team to a championship ○ The beginning of the pitch
■ Extension at the arm of the shoulder/glenohumeral joint (greatest range of motion, socket joint)
■ Latissimus dorsi (muscle used)
○ Throwing the ball
■ Flexion of the arm at the shoulder
■ Pectoralis major (muscle used)
● “Boxer’s punch”
○ Protraction of the scapula
■ Serratus anterior
● Rotator cuff muscles know general info* If you want to learn more check out us history lecture notes
● turning head to the side lateral rotation (Sternocleidomastoid)
● Trapezius “shrug” shoulders and extension of the neck
● Sternocleidomastoid flexion of the neck
● Between bone interosseous
● Opposing thumb saddle joint, note: thenar eminenc joint
● Abduction of fingers- intrinsic hand muscles → interossei (between metacarpals)
● Abduction of the arm at the shoulder deltoid
● Adduction of the arm at the shoulder pectoralis major
● Trunk flexion rectus abdominis (abs)
● Trunk extension erector spinae group
● Lateral flexion of the trunk → quadratus lumborum
● Hip flexion (think of walking up the stairs)
○ Iliopsoas**
○ Rectus Femoris (quads)
● Leg flexion→ hamstring (kicking a ball)
● Hip extension→ gluteus maximus and hamstrings (ballerina’s leg back) ● Hip adduction → adductor magnus (lift leg sidewards up) ● Dorsiflexion tibialis anterior
● Plantar Flexion gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior
● Know inversion, eversion, deltoid ligament of ankle***
● Muscles of Facial Expression
● Pursing the lips
● Platysma
● Mastication aid in elevation of the mandible except
○ Temporalis
○ Lateral pterygoid
○ Masseter
○ Medial pterygoid
Review from ANA113 Lab
● What muscle??
○ On heels walking? dorsiflexion, tibialis anterior
○ Walking up stairs? hip iliopsoas, iliacus, psoas major
○ Hip extensions? gluteus maximus
○ Extend knee? quadriceps
○ Turning doorknob with hand? supinatorbiceps brachii
○ Shoulder extension? latissimus dorsi We also discuss several other topics like bio 152 uw madison
○ Smiling? zygomaticus major
○ Frown? depressor anguli oris
○ Forehead wrinkling? frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis ○ Elbow flexion?
○ Shoulder abduction? Deltoid
○ Shoulder extension? pectoralis major
○ Kicking a ball? -flex/extends the hamstrings→ quads ○ Shrugging? trapezius(traps)
○ Making snow angels? deltoidabduct, go away
○ Walking on toes, what plantar flexes? gastro caneous
○ Synergistic
Q: All motor fibers of a motor unit contract at the same time. What principle? A: All or none principle
Q: Theory that explains concentric contraction of skeletal muscle? A: sliding filament theory
Q: “rectus” means? We also discuss several other topics like karen salekin
A: straight
Q: Property of muscle cell to extend to full length?
A: extensibility
Q: Skeletal muscle fiber containing highest density of mitochondria? A: red slow twitch fibers If you want to learn more check out ucsb soup guy
Q: orbicularis oculi orbicularis means?
A: circular
Q: intercostal means?
A: in between ribs
Q: nerve impulse transmitted from motor neuron to muscle fiber? A: neuromuscular junction
Q: Flexor carpi radialis carpi means?
A: wrist
Q: skeletal muscle fiber type with highest concentration of myoglobin? A: red slow twitch fibers
Q: a lengthening contraction is called?
A: eccentric contraction
Q: skeletal motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates is called the? A: motor unit
Q: Connective tissue which is flat and thin and connects muscle to bone is called? A: aponeurosis
Q: What are the thick and thin myofilaments found in skeletal muscle? A: actin=thin, myosin=thick
Q: If you are sprinting, what skeletal fiber muscle fiber is used? A: white fast twitch fibers
Q: skeletal muscle fiber type for anaerobic metabolism as primary source of energy? A: white fast twitch fibersDon't forget about the age old question of nicholas bergan
Q: wasting away of skeletal muscle?
A: atrophy
Q: Single skeletal muscle cell is called?
A: muscle fiber
Q: Small repeating contractile unit within a skeletal muscle fiber is called? A: the sarcomere
Q: Connective tissue covering a single skeletal muscle fiber is called?
A: endomysium
Q: skeletal muscle that assists the prime movers action is called a..? Don't forget about the age old question of brown clps
A: synergist (works together)
Q: cytoplasm of skeletal muscle?
A: sarcoplasm
Q: cell membrane of skeletal muscle fiber is called the?
A: sarcolemma
Q: skeletal muscle fiber most resistant to fatigue?
A: red slow twitch fibers
MUSCLES:
● “Glossus” tongue
● Muscles of mastication (all) temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid EXCEPT lateral pterygoid elevate the mandible
● Styloglossus styloid bone
● Genio chin
● Unilateral left and right
● Bilateral up and down
● Quadratus lumborum “I love spaghetti”
○ Spinalis closest to spine
○ Longissimus longest
○ Iliocostalis attached to iliac crest
● pollicis/Thenar thumbs