Sociology 325 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 11/12/15 SOC 325 lecture study guide  

Information comes to us from three basic sources, what are they?

exam 2, november 12  

8 x 11 (printer paper) sized note sheet (on both sides) is permitted for exam.  

-cohort, growing up differently than another person, affecting ages, interests. Effects on  cohorts. It is often thought that as we age we should stay active but cut down on contact  sports and overly-vigorous activities. Obesity rates are rising among older cohorts (age  effect or cohort effect?). Diabetes rates are rising among older cohorts.  

Which of the following would be a cohort effect?

-Current students like lacrosse while older professors like football  

Physical Activity - Climate (tropic, subtropic, arctic) + Time (continuous) +  Payoff (weight loss, blood pressure, continuous) + Networking (how many friends join  you) + Health + Gender + Income (continuous) + Level of Education (continuous)

What is the difference between shia and sunni?

Beta coefficients - not important for the exam, when reading material do not  focus on knowing the coefficients or understanding them.  

How do we interpret the other?

Heuristics - Mental shortcuts We also discuss several other topics like If the slope of the rays from the origin to the total variable cost curve declines along the curve, it implies what?

• Available heuristic, we make sense of things based on readily available  information  

• Representatives heuristic, we make sense of things basked on prototypes.  Stereotypes.  

• Anchoring and adjustment heuristic, we think we know something (our anchor)  and then adjust to the situation.  

• Affect heuristic - we base our opinions or actions on how we feel about a  situation  

Shia - Islam leader should be from Muhammad’s family or close circle of followers.  Sunni- Islam leader should be the person with the most knowledge, which could be a  family member or someone else

What are the three aspects of risk analysis?

*In the article on Shia Muslim women, it is noted that these women feel they have the  right to determine their own decisions about physical activity, though they do talk about  being able to be physically active and stay true to their religious beliefs - “The  We also discuss several other topics like What are the three basic polynomial functions?
If you want to learn more check out Who is george j. borjas?

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Sociology 325 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 11/12/15 participants mentioned that they would choose Islam over physical activity if they had to  make a choice between the two.” Don't forget about the age old question of What is dsm-v stands for?

• Most of the western discourse on Muslim women and the Hijad is about  oppression and rebellion against the west… the women who actually wear  the Hijad argue that they are fully engaged in society, and their choice of  clothing and activities should not be used to attach them to specific labels  (although their discussion tends to be gendered).

• Post colonial discourse - the military presence is gone, but the impacts still  linger and there are new ways to colonize (“Coca-Colonization”). Americans  push the Native Americans out, using weapons, then develop their own  society- The United States.  

- Video before class puzzle on Tuesday -

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5jDspIC4hY 

- Senior citizens playing Wii -

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_ARvhT6Gzc 

- Who is to blame for gambling problems? Don't forget about the age old question of Dopa is converted into dopamine by what?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=facrb1fE4U4  

- Social Disengagement - As people age they are less able to maintain their physical  performances, and given the importance of youthfulness in society, they begin to  withdraw from social situations.

- Modernization - Young people are better able to adapt to new ways of doing things  so older people become disadvantaged.

- Life Course Perspective - People do not age in some homogenous way, early  experiences will impact later experiences  

- Three aspects of risk analysis  

1. Assessment - What is the likelihood of a problem arising and what would be  the consequences if something does happen? (at what point would you say that a  situation is risky? One person getting hurt, 10, 100, 1,000,000) Chronic vs. acute  injuries  We also discuss several other topics like Where is the insertion of supraspinatus ?

2. Management - If a risk is considered to be problematic, what should be done  about it and who should be managing the risk? (Legitimation)

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Sociology 325 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 11/12/15 3. Communication - how do you communicate a risk assessment and/or its  management in a way that will elicit the response you want

- Information comes to us from three basic sources

Experimental knowledge

Public wisdom

Media discourse

- Factors that play into how people think about risks

Familiarity, Control  

People tend to be risk adverse in much of life but willing to take more risks when  involved in “recreation”

We often blame the failures of others on themselves so we can put our own  successes on ourselves  

Participating in higher risk sports have a sense of control loss - years of  experience in the high risk sports tended to lead to more knowledge of vulnerability to  serous injury

- Factors playing into continued participation

Socioeconomic, availability of facilities, travel time

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Sociology 325 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 11/12/15

Qualitative Data - The  Canadian study looked at  people's physical activities  7 years apart. Go back  seven years in your own  life. Were you more or  less active at the time?  How do you know?

Validity - A study is  

studying what it says it is  studying.  

Reliability - A study's  results will be consistent  at different time/with  different groups.  

Knowledge Theory - as  you know more about a  risk, the less likely you are  to take it.  

Economic Theory - the  more money you have,  the more likely you are to  take risks.  

Personality Theory - Are  type A people more likely  to take risks?

Cross Sectional  

Studies- snapshot of  society

Longitudinal Studies -  Take place over a period  of time

Panel Studies - Typically  follow the same  

individuals over a period  of time

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Age Effect - All groups  experience the same  thing as they get older.  

Cultural Theory - Why  some parents put their  children in sports, and  others don’t. Cultural  strategies and tendencies,  some like order, to know  who’s in charge.  

Command structure.  

Hierarchs - concerned  with risks that threaten  social order. Threaten  hierarchy when a parent  (overruling a coach) aims  for power of a team.  

Egalitarians - concerned  with risks that threaten  equality. Cultural lense,  everyone is equal, if you  don’t get enough playing  time, parent’s pull children  out of sports.  

Individualists -  

Concerned with risks that  threaten the ability to do  one’s own. It’s on the kid  to do well, swim team,  track team. Event is one  person,

Dependent variable -  typically what you are  interested in measuring  how it is affected and it is  dependent on other  

things.  

Independent variable -  Independent of other  factors.  

Controlling variables -  variables that could  

influence the relation  between the Correlation  —> a relationship exists  between two or more  variables

Linear correlation - data  points graphed onto a plot  chart look to be cluster  around a straight line.

Curvilinear correlation -  data points graphed onto  a plot chart look to be  clustered on a curved line.  

No correlation - data  points graphed onto a plot  chart look to be random

Positive (direct) - As  one variable increase (or  decreases) the other  increases

Negative (indirect)