During periods of high activity, the Sun has more sunspotsthan usual. Sunspots are
Chapter 20, Problem 75(choose chapter or problem)
During periods of high activity, the Sun has more sunspotsthan usual. Sunspots are cooler than the rest ofthe luminous layer of the Suns atmosphere (the photosphere).Paradoxically, the total power output of theactive Sun is not lower than average but is the sameor slightly higher than average. Work out the detailsof the following crude model of this phenomenon.Consider a patch of the photosphere with an area of5.10 3 1014 m2. Its emissivity is 0.965. (a) Find the powerit radiates if its temperature is uniformly 5 800 K,corresponding to the quiet Sun. (b) To represent asunspot, assume 10.0% of the patch area is at 4 800 Kand the other 90.0% is at 5 890 K. Find the poweroutput of the patch. (c) State how the answer to part(b) compares with the answer to part (a). (d) Findthe average temperature of the patch. Note that thiscooler temperature results in a higher power output.
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