Transformation Problems: For 18, transform the product into a sum or difference of sines or cosines with positive arguments. 2 cos 3.8 sin 4.1
WaterandFluidBalance Comprisesapproximately60%ofbodyweight Range_40-80% Functions -Aqueousmediumforchemicalreactions/cellprocess -Transportofsubstancesthroughthebody -Thermoregulation Fluidbalance -Watervolume -Soluteconcentration Euhydration=normalfluidbalance Osmosis -Movementofwaterthroughasemipermeablemembraneto areasofhighsoluteconcentration Tonicity -Hypotonic-watermovesin -Isotonic -Hypertonic-moresolubleoutside,watermovesout;cellsshrivel anddie Tonicity -Primarilyaffectedbyelectrolyteconcentration Waterconcentrationinbody -Averagemale-60%(approx.42Lfor70kg) -Averagefemale–50-55%(30L) Waterdistributioninbody -Bloodplasma -Muscles&otherorgantissues -Bone -Adiposetissue Distributionofbodywater Intracellularfluidcompartment -Approx.2/3ofbodywater Extracellularfluidcompartment -Approx.1/3ofbodywater(14Lor~3.5gallons) -Plasma -20%oftotalECFvolume(3Lor3Qrts) -Transport;thermoregulation Interstitialfluid–80%oftotalECF(11Lor3gallons) -Protection Lymphaticsystem Tonicity Hypertonicity -Heavysweating -Largelossofplasmavolume + -IncreasedconcentrationofplasmaN