For each of the following substituents, indicate whether it withdraws electrons inductively, donates electronsby hyperconjugation, withdraws electrons by resonance, or donates electrons by resonance. (Effects shouldbe compared with that of a hydrogen; remember that many substituents can be characterized in more thanone way.)a. Br b CH2CH3 c.OCCH3 d. NHCH3 e. OCH3 f. +N(CH3)3
Chapter 8 Chemical Reactions Wednesday,February 28,2018 8:24 PM Chemical Equations (8.1) • Chemical Equation: A written representation of a chemical reaction or a physical process. ○ Chemical species on the left side of the equation are called reactants ○ Chemical species on the right side of the equation are called products • The physical state of each reactant and product is specified in parentheses as (s),(l),(g),or (aq) for solid,liquid, gas,or aqueous (dissolved in water). • Chemical equations are balanced only by changing the stoichiometric coefficients or simply coefficients of the reactants and/or products,and never by changing the formulas of the reactants and/or products. • Three commonly encountered reaction types are: ○ co