Following are several Lewis structures showing all valence electrons. Assign formalcharges in each structure as appropriate.
Mart 1 Chapter 15: Acids and Bases ● An acid contains the properties of a sour taste, the ability to dissolve “active” metals, the ability to turn blue litmus paper red, and the ability to neutralize bases. ○ Acids are used in many chemical reactions, industrial processes, and commercial products. ● Bases have the properties of a bitter taste, a slippery feel, the ability to turn red litmus paper blue, and the ability to neutralize acids. ○ Bases are used in many chemical reactions, industrial processes, and commercial products ● Indicators are chemicals that change color depending on the acidity/basicity of a solution. ● There are three different definition for acids and bases in widespread use. The Arrhenius definition: ○ An acid produces H⁺ in the presence of water. ■ H⁺ ions (protons) are highly reactive and in aqueous solution forms H₃ O⁺ (hydronium) ions. ○ A base produces OH⁻ in the presence of water. ○ The reaction of an acid with a base (neutralization) is simply the reaction of H⁺ and OH⁻ to form water. ○ Strong acids are highly dissociated while weak acids are only slightly dissociated. ○ The limitations of Arrhenius’ theory as a general
