We showed in Figure 20.10 that a chairlike transition state for a [3,3]-sigmatropic shift isallowed via frontier molecular orbital theory.(a) Write analogous pictures for a boatlike reaction geometry showing that this is alsoallowed.(b) Why are products from this reaction geometry formed to a much lower extent thanthose that proceed via a chairlike transition state?
CHAPTER 14: CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Dynamic Equilibrium Important things at equilibrium o Forward rate= reverse rate : products are being created equally as fast as the reactants are being created o The concentrations of the reactants and products are not changing over time: the ratio between the concentrations of the reactants and products are equal over time o The concentration of the reactants and products are not necessarily equal: there might be more product than reactant, but the ratio comparing the two will remain constant The Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Quotient Law Mass of Action: o In general: aA + bB cC + dD *lower case letters represent the coefficients* o K= [C] [D] = [products] when the system is at equilibrium a b [A] [B] [reactants] K= equilibrium constant (K : coccentrations in mol/L or M) c d o Q= [C] [D] = [products] when the system is NOT at equilibrium [A] [B] [reactants] Q= reaction quotient ** K and Q have equal formulas but are used in different situations** o Example: For the equation N O 2(g4 2 NO (g), 2ind the equilibrium constant 2 K= [NO ]2 ** since 2O is the product and
