Plasma ● Plasma is the fourth state of matter that consists of an electrified, but neutrally charged gas with positively ionized atoms and a corresponding number of electrons. ● This is the least abundant in our immediate environment but the most in the universe, as the sun and stars are made of plasma. ● In our lives, we see plasma within the Northern and Southern lights where charged particles get stuck moving in the magnetic fields in the upper atmosphere. We also view plasma in neon signs and fluorescent lamps in which high voltage causes electrons to flow, ionizing atoms which forms plasma. ● A plasma TV is composed of thousands of pixels with three colors in each pixel. Each color is from a different gas and the television sends different voltages to each pixel depending on the colors needed to display the image. Temperature, Heat, Expansion ● Temperature is the number that corresponds to the warmth or coldness of an object, measured by a thermometer. ● Temperature is defined by the kinetic energy per particle in a substance. ● Temperature has no upper limit, but a definite lower limit called absolute zero at which all motion stops. ● A thermometer measures temperature by expansion or contraction of liquid, often mercury or dyed alcohol. However, mercury is not often used anymore due to it’s toxicity. ● Celcius is a unit of measurement for temperature named after Anders Celsius in which 0 degrees Celsius is freezing point of water and 100 d