Step 1 of 5) In this section, we consider how entropy changes are related to heat transfer and temperature. Our analysis will bring us to a profound statement about entropy changes and spontaneity known as the second law of thermodynamics. The entropy, S, of a system is a state function just like internal energy, E, and enthalpy, H. As with these other quantities, the value of S is a characteristic of the state of a system. (Section 5.2) Thus, the change in entropy, ∆S, in a system depends only on the initial and final states of the system and not on the path taken from one state to the other:For the special case of an isothermal process, ∆S is equal to the heat that would be transferred if the process were reversible, qrev, divided by the absolute temperature at which the process occurs:Although many possible paths can take the system from one state to another, only one path is associated with a reversible process. Thus, the value of qrev is uniquely defined for any two states of the system. Because S is a state function, we can use Equation 19.2 to calculate ∆S for any isothermal process between states, not just the reversible one.
Addition of phenolphthalein to an unknown colorless solution does not cause a color change. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution leads
ISBN: 9780134414232
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Solution for problem 16.40 Chapter 16
Chemistry: The Central Science | 14th Edition
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This full solution covers the following key subjects: . This expansive textbook survival guide covers 29 chapters, and 2820 solutions. The full step-by-step solution to problem: 16.40 from chapter: 16 was answered by , our top Chemistry solution expert on 10/03/18, 06:29PM. Since the solution to 16.40 from 16 chapter was answered, more than 217 students have viewed the full step-by-step answer. This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science, edition: 14. Chemistry: The Central Science was written by and is associated to the ISBN: 9780134414232. The answer to “Addition of phenolphthalein to an unknown colorless solution does not cause a color change. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution leads to a yellow color. (a) Is the solution acidic, neutral, or basic? (b) Which of the following can you establish about the solution: (i) A minimum pH, (ii) A maximum pH, or (iii) A specific range of pH values? (c) What other indicator or indicators would you want to use to determine the pH of the solution more precisely?” is broken down into a number of easy to follow steps, and 83 words.
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Addition of phenolphthalein to an unknown colorless solution does not cause a color change. The addition of bromthymol blue to the same solution leads