Chemistry for Non-Science Majors Wednesday, January 27 Lecture Notes SHORT REVIEW FROM LAST CLASS:  Ionic Bonds= metal + nonmetal (lose or gain electrons)  Covalent Bond= 2 or more nonmetals (share electrons)  Polyatomic Molecules= contains more than 2 atoms  Atoms always want 8 valence electrons (electrons on their outer shell) ORGANIC CHEMISTRY  Chemistry of carbon containing atoms  We know more than 20 million chemical compounds, over 95% are compounds of Cm  All organic molecules contain Hydrogen (H) and Carbon (C) o Some also contain O, N, P, S (Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur)  Known as heteroatoms  Compounds that contain only H and C = hydrocarbons o Simplest kind of organic compound HYDROCARBONS  2 groups of hyrdrocarbons: o Saturated Hydrocarbons= single covalent bonds, just C + H o Unsaturated Hydrocarbons= form double or triple bonds  Saturated Hydrocarbons: o known as alkanes o All have tetrahedral geometry  As long as C is forming a single bond it forms a tetrahedal  Simplest organic compound= CH (meth4ne) o 2 ndsimplest org compound= C H (2th6ne) rd o 3 simplest org compound= C H (pro3a8e)  Carbon always bonds to 4 atoms in all molecules ISOMERS  Molecules can have the same molecular formula, but different structural representation o Example: Butane C H (4ee10elow)