The Gaussian shape of a Doppler-broadened spectral line reflects the Maxwell distribution of speeds (see Topic 1B) in the sample at the temperature of the experiment. In a spectrometer that makes use of phase-sensitive detection the output signal is proportional to the first derivative of the signal intensity, dI/dν. Plot the resulting lineshape for various temperatures. How is the separation of the peaks related to the temperature?
Chapter 3: Atomic Structure Keyterms ● Electrolysis: chemical reactions caused by electricity ● Electrolyte: Compound that conducts electricity when melted or dissolved in water ● Electrodes: Carbon rods or metal strips inserted into a molten compound or a solution to carry the electric current ● Anode: The electrode that bears a positive charge ● Cathode: Negatively charged electrode ● Ion: an atom or a group of atoms bonded together that has an electric charge ● Anion: an ion with a negative charge ● Cation: A positively charged ion ● Cathode Ray: a beam of current produces a green fluorescence ● Electrons: negatively charged units in atoms ● Electromagnetic radiation: energy with electric and magnetic components ● Radioactivity: spontaneous emission of radiation from an atomic mass ● Alpha particle: mass four times that of a hydrogen atom and a charge twice the magnitude of, but opposite in sign, to that of an electron ● Beta particle: an electron, although it has much more energy than an electron in an atom ● Gamma rays: A form of electromagnetic radiation, much like the xrays used in medical work but even more energetic and more penetrating ● Nucleus: all the positive charge and nearly all the mass of an atom are concentrated at the center of the atom in a tiny core ● Proton: has a charge equal in magnitude to that of th
