LIB – 120 – Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology Vocabulary  Behavioral Perspective: A research perspective whose major explanatory focus is how external environmental events condition observable behavior. (3)  Biological Perspective: A research perspective whose major explanatory focus is how the brain, nervous system, and other physiological mechanisms produce behavior and mental processes. (2)  Case Study: A descriptive method in which the researcher studies an individual in depth over an extended period of time. (9)  Cognitive Perspective: A research perspective whose major explanatory focus is how the mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem solving, work and impact behavior. (2)  Control Group: In an experiment, the group not exposed to the independent variable. (18)  Correlation Coefficient: A statistic that tells us the type and the strength of the relationship between two variables. The sign of the coefficient ( + or - ) indicates the type of correlation – positive or negative, respectively. The absolute value of the coefficient ( 0.0 – 1.0 ) represents the strength of the correlation, with 1.0 being the maximum strength. (12)  Correlation Study: A research study in which two variables are measured to determine if they are related (How well either one predicts the other). (11)  Dependent Variable: In an experiment, a variable that is hypothesized to be affected by the independen