Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic.(a) H2S(s)(b) KCl(s)(c) N2(s)(d)

Solution 81P

Step 1:

Here, we have to identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic :

First, let’s see what is molecular, ionic, and atomic solids.

Ionic solids : They are made up of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, that are held together by electrostatic attractions. When Ionic Solids are dissolved in water the cations and the anions separate, they become free to move about in the water allowing the solution to conduct electrical current. They are characterized by very high melting points and brittleness and are poor conductors in the solid state.

Example : Table salt (NaCl), Ferrous Sulfide (FeS).

Molecular solids : They are made up of atoms or molecules that are held together by intermolecular forces (IMFs). They are usually composed of nonmetals. The solid structure is maintained by IMFs rather than bonds (metallic, covalent, or ionic). They are characterized by low melting points and flexibility and are poor conductors.  

Example : Water(H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2).

Atomic solids : An atomic solid is one in which atoms of an element are bonded to other atoms of the same atom type. i.e They are composed of individual atoms. They are characterized as being very hard with very high melting points and being poor conductors.

Example :  pure metals, silicon crystals, and diamond.