Dimensional Analysis (Section)Carry out the following conversions: (a) 0.105 in. to mm, (b) 0.650 qt to mL, (c) 8.75 ?m/s to km/hr, (d) 1.955 m3 to yd3, (e) $3.99/lb to dollars per kg, (f) 8.75 lb/ft3 to g/mL.
8.1 Acids and Bases ● Acids taste sour, dissolve some metals, cause plant dye to change color ● Bases taste bitter, are slippery, corrosive ● Two theories that help us to understand the chemistry of acids and bases ○ Arrhenius Theory ○ Bronsted Lowry Theory Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases ● Acid a substance, when dissolved in water, dissociates to produce hydrogen ions: ○ Hydrogen ion H+ also called “proton” ○ HCl is an acid:HCl(aq) → + (aq) Cl (aq) ● Base a substance, when dissolved in water, dissociates to produce hydroxide ions ○ NaOH is a base: NaH (aq) → Na+ (aq) + OH (aq) Where does NH3 fit When it dissolves in water it has basic properties but it does not have OH ions in it Bronsted Lowry Theory of Acids and Bases ● Acid proton (H+) donor ● Base Proton (H+) acceptor ○ Notice that acid and base are not defined using water ○ When writing the reactions, both accepting and donation are evident HCl(aq) +H2O(l) → Cl (aq) + H3O (aq) What donated the proton HCl because Cl has no H and it is Cl Is it an acid or baseAcid What accepted the proton H2O Is it an acid or baseBase NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) double arrow NH4+ (aq) + OH (aq) Did NH3 donate or accept a proton Accept, making it a base What is water in this reactioACID water can be both because its weak at both
