The United States Patent and Trademark Office rejects claims for perpetual motion machines (in which energy output is as great or greater than energy input) without even investigating them. Why is this?
Chapter 1 Introduction Physics o The study of nature The Domains of Physics o Microscopic Domain The domain of atoms, molecules, electrons, protons, pion and mesons, etc. Extreme small in mass Uncertainty of physical properties Unpredictable behavior o Macroscopic Domain The domain of man, house, car, ball, even a planet Daily life experiences Physics experienced on earth Governed by gravity, Newton's Laws (orbit) Predictable behavior o Galactic Domain The domain of galaxies and their clusters characterized by huge masses and high velocities Black holes Relativity Uncertainty of physical properties Three Fundamental Quantities o Length The spatial distance between two points o Mass Measure of an object's resistance to a change in its motion (Inertia) Different from weight! Mass has no direction, therefore it is a Scalar Quantity o Time Is realized by change All other physical quantities can be constructed from these three fundamental quantities o Example: length Speed or Velocity is a quantity