Select Properties of Liquids (Section)The boiling points,
Chapter 11, Problem 37E(choose chapter or problem)
Problem 37E
Select Properties of Liquids (Section)
The boiling points, surface tensions, and viscosities of water and several alcohols are as follows:
|
Boiling Point(°C) |
Surface Tension(J/m2) |
Viscosity (kg/m-s) |
Water, H2O |
100 |
7.3 × 10–2 |
0.9 × 10–3 |
Ethanol, CH3CH2OH |
78 |
2.3 × 10–2 |
1.1 × 10–3 |
Propanol, CH3CH2CH2OH |
97 |
2.4 × 10–2 |
2.2 × 10–3 |
n-Butanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH |
117 |
2.6 × 10–2 |
2.6 × 10–3 |
Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH |
197 |
4.8 × 10–2 |
26 × 10–3 |
(a) For ethanol, propanol, and n-butanol the boiling points, surface tensions, and viscosities all increase. What is the reason for this increase?
(b) How do you explain the fact that propanol and ethylene glycol have similar molecular weights (60 versus 62 amu), yet the viscosity of ethylene glycol is more than 10 times larger than propanol?
(c) How do you explain the fact that water has the highest surface tension but the lowest viscosity?
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