One lb of oxygen, O2, undergoes a power cycle consisting of the following processes: Process 12: Constant-volume heating from p1 5 20 lbf/in.2 , T1 5 5008R to T2 5 8208R. Process 23: Adiabatic expansion to 3 5 1.4322. Process 31: Constant-pressure compression to state 1. Sketch the cycle on a p diagram. Assuming ideal gas behavior, determine (a) the pressure at state 2, in lbf/in.2 (b) the temperature at state 3, in 8R. (c) the heat transfer and work, each in Btu, for all processes. (d) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
Allotropy- the characteristic of an element being able to exist in more than one crystal structure, depending on temperature and pressure. Amorphous material- a material that does not have long-range order for the arrangement of its atoms (e.g., silica glass). Anion- a negatively charged ion produced when an atom, usually of a non-metal, accepts one or more electrons. Atomic mass- the mass of the Avogadro constant of atoms, g/mol. Normally, this is the average number of protons and neutrons in the atom. Also called the atomic weight Atomic mass unit- the mass of an atom expressed as 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom with twelve nucleons. Atomic number- the number of protons in an atom Aufbau principle- a graphical device used to determine the order in
