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The Second Great Awakening & Visions of the Millennium Great awakening → looking socia​rder in a time of dramatic change Charles Grandison Finney ● Rejects predestinations; all people are sinners, so god wants everyone ○ You are a free agent...you can reject sin. ○ You may be born a sinner, but you are not damned ● Perfectionism: perfect community ○ If everyone rejects sin, it can be achieved ○ Looking for societal order ● Ushering in an religious millennium ● Would be asked to come in and talk to workers… White Middle Class Protestants ● Don't feel comfortable; feel besieged → soooo mrish ○ Irish are seen as the reason there needs to be reform Reform Movements ● Temperance movement​ : anti alcohol movement ○ Drinking was used in all occasions ○ Average intake is 10.6 gallons of hard liquor (not counting cider and beer) ○ An epidemic...going to tear America apart ● Public schools movement ○ Horace Mann ○ Trying to impose order in schools ○ Also to control Irish...our idea of protestant morality is spread to them ■ Culture, religion, government ■ Similar to trump: want to take back America ■ Children will learn that parents are bad, follow false religion (Catholic is bad) ○ inner discipline: taught in schools, listen to white authority figures, self control ○ Republicanism: public good/good of all people, power rests with the people ■ Cannot be loyal to the pope (Catholic) and be a member of a republic ○ Factories of Assimilation ■ Teach what their parents don’t ■ Teaching social order ○ Begins in North and spreads to Mid West ■ NO public school in south until post civil war