Propose mechanisms for the following reactions.

Chapter 4 Lecture Notes  3 major classes of chemical reactions o General properties of aqueous solutions o Acid-base reactions o Redox reactions o Concentration solutions  Electrolytes o Strong: dissociates in water o Weak: don't completely dissociate in water  Chemical reactions o AX + BY --> AY + BX o Anions exchange places between cations  Ionic equation o List all dissociated ions  Net ionic equations o Cancel all ions that are the same on each side o The crossed out ions are the spectator ions  Water solubility o Sulfides, fluorides, carbonates, and oxides are insoluble  Acid-base theories o Bronsted-lowry  Acid donates H+ ions  Bases accept H+ ions  Strong acids o HNO3, HCl, H2SO4, HClO4  Strong bases o NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2  Acid-base H+ theories o H+ can't exist in water, which when an acid is dissolved, the H+ produced combines with water to form H3O+  Acid-base reactions o Neutralization o Produces a salt o HX + MOH ---> MX (metal salt) + H2O  Gas forming reactions o Chemistry of metal carbonates  Redox reactions o Characterized by electron transfer between electron donor and acceptor o Transfer leads to  Increase of O number of element --> oxidized or reducing agent  Decrease in O number of element --> reduced or o