?89AE(a) The P4. P406 and P4O10 molecules have a common

Chapter , Problem 89AE

(choose chapter or problem)

(a) The \(P_{4}, P_{4} O\) and \(P_{4} O_{10}\) molecules have a common structural feature of four P atoms arranged in a tetrahedron (Figures 22.27 and 22.28). Does this mean that the bonding between the P atoms is the same in all these cases? Explain. (b) Sodium trimetaphosphate \(\left(\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{P}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{9}\right)\) and sodium tetrametaphosphate \(\left(\mathrm{Na}_{4} P_{4} O_{12}\right)\) are used as water-softening agents. They contain cyclic \(P_{3} O_{9}^{3-}\) and \(P_{4} O_{12}^{4-}\) ions, respectively. Propose reasonable structures for these ions.

How do the electron domains about P in \(P_{4} O_{6}\) differ from those about P in \(P_{4} O_{10}\)?

▲ Figure 22.27 Structures of \(P_{4} O_{6}\) (top) and \(P_{4} O_{10}\) (bottom).

▲ Figure 22.28 Structures of \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) (top) and \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\) (bottom).

Equation transcription:

Text transcription:

P_{4}, P_{4} O

P_{4} O_{10}

({Na}_{3}{P}_{3}{O}_{9})

({Na}_{4} P_{4} O_{12})

P_{3} O_{9}^{3-}

P_{4} O_{12}^{4-}

P_{4} O_{6}

{H}_{3}{PO}_{4}

{H}_{3}{PO}_{3}