As discussed in the Are You Wondering feature on page 457,

Chapter 11, Problem 83

(choose chapter or problem)

As discussed in the Are You Wondering feature on page 457, the hybrid orbitals are algebraic combinations of the s and p orbitals. The required combinations of and orbitals are (a) By combining the appropriate functions given in Table 8.1, construct a polar plot in the manner of Figure 8-26 for each of the above functions in the plane. In a polar plot, the value of is set at a fixed value (for example, 1). Describe the shapes and phases of the different portions of the hybrid orbitals, and compare them with those shown in Figure 11-11. (b) Convince yourself that the combinations employing the or orbital also give similar hybrid orbitals but pointing in different directions. (c) The combinations for the hybrids in the xy plane are By constructing polar plots (in the plane), show that these functions correspond to the hybrids depicted in Figure 11-9.