Suppose y satisfies the equation y” + 10y’ + 25y = subject

Chapter 11 Alcohol Abuse and Dependence  Prevalence  take developmental factors into account  abuse – overdoing it  dependence – built up tolerance enough to always need more; withdrawal symptoms if stopped  12 years shorter of life expectancy for someone who is alcohol dependent  37% of those that use alcohol have another disorder (depression)  strong genetic heritability of developing alcohol problems  lack of supervision from parents as an adolescent  learning behaviors from stress/attention  Clinical Picture  Biological Factors  Psychosocial cause factors  Sociocultural  Treatment  medications to reduce desires to drink  drugs that block how alcohol feels  drugs to treat alcohol withdrawal  group therapy  environmental interventions: get you away from alcohol  Behavioral & CBT: treat thought processes  control drinking: learn how to drink under control and effectively  hard for people that abuse alcohol  AA/NA groups  free  sponsor that you can always contact Drug Abuse and Dependence  Base Rates  hard to get base rates  drug screenings  found ~10% of the population abuse drugs  Opium and its derivatives  opium: smoke/take; pain relieving effects  morphine  heroin: preferred abused drug; injected into bloodstream, very water­ soluble; most euphoric effects  prescribed frequently to help with pain  effects of abuse  poor nutrition, not sleep well, fluctuating withdrawal symptoms  withdrawal impacts immune system  affordable  treatments:  drugs that prevent withdrawal symptoms  quitting cold turkey  drugs that act as antagonists and block effects of opiates  popular in younger people  Cocaine and amphetamines  stimulant; snorted; smoke it  impacts dopamine; floods brain with dopamine  feels good  joy/happy feelings; euphoria  meth amphetamine: high power stimulant  supplies easily accessible  most harmful for your body  kills body tissue  comprises values  brain impairment  Sedatives  barbiturates  not around anymore  very small lethal dose; rarely prescribed  Xanax  dependent; builds up tolerance  LSD and related drugs ­ powerful drug ­ 10,000 hits in one gram ­ hallucinating impact ­ volatile emotions ­ low lethal dose rate ­ shrooms  Ecstasy  Marijuana ­ THC  hard to test amount of THC ­ low lethal dose rate ­ seen as the safer drug ­ used as medication  used to help ease suffering  blood flow  nausea  problematic: not entirely safe to use ­ edibles  can ingest too much