Distinguish between average rate and instantaneous rate. Which of the two rates gives us an unambiguous measurement of reaction rate? Why?
WEEK 9 NOTES Carbon in Organic Compounds • Two models: 1. Valence Bond Theory ▪ Valence Orbitals on one atom overlap valence orbitals on another atom • This overlap of orbitals is a covalent bond 2. Molecular Orbital Theory ▪ Outside the scope of this class. Covered in CHEM 112 Overlap in Covalent Bonding • Covalent bonding is the overlap of atomic orbitals to form a new orbital • Two forces at play: o Increased overlap of atomics orbitals (better sharing) brings atoms together o Closer distance between nuclei increases repulsion between nuclei • The lowest energy state for covalent bonding is at the point where the orbitals of the two atoms o
