When circuit boards used in the manufacture of compact disc players are tested, the long-run percentage of defectives is 5%. Suppose that a batch of 250 boards has been received and that the condition of any particular board is independent of that of any other board. a. What is the approximate probability that at least 10% of the boards in the batch are defective? b. What is the approximate probability that there are exactly 10 defectives in the batch?
Final Exam Notes 4/10/16 11:38 AM David Bowie • British artist of theatre rock • Trained in theatre/mime (also accomplished actor) • Ranks among the ten best-selling acts in UK pop history • Music is space-like and theatrical th • Ranked 39 on Rolling Stone’s list of the 100 Greatest Rock Artists of All Time • Cross -dressing resulted in Ziggy Stardust (1972) • Ziggy sold in Britain, not in U.S. (too mainstream) • First rock star (since Little Richard) to use make-up • First to use large sets on stage (theatrical sets) • First rock artist to publicly proclaim bi-sexuality • Set the stage for Glam Rock (Lou Reed, Kiss, NY Dol ls) Andy Warhol (1971) • Acoustic song written by Bowie about Warhol • Warhol was one of Bowie’s major inspirations • Warhol was the leading figure in the visual art movement known as “pop art” • Associated with avant-garde theatre • Coined the expression “15 minutes of fame” Space Oddity (1969) • Influenced by 2001: A Space Odyssey • Fictional astronaut (Major Tom) who become depressed during an outer-space mission • Supposedly released to coincide with the Apollo 11 moon landing • Bowie revisited his Major Tom character in the songs Ashes to Ashes and Hallo Spaceboy • The BBC featured the song in its television coverage of the Apollo lunar landing Art Rock • Blending of classical music with rock • Evolutionary development of rock music • Lyrics use elements of symbolism and imagery • Use of poetry and visual art for enhancement • References to mythology • Use of odd meters and frequent mood/tempo changes • Albums follow a central theme throughout • Meant to be listened to from beginning to end in succession • Use of intruments not usually associated with rock music • Much of the music not meant to be danced to • Use of synthesizer is frequent • Quotes of classical music themes (and at times rock versions of entire pieces) • Large percentage of art rock bands were British • Art Rock vs. Progressive Rock • Art rock - rock music influenced by classical music • Progressive rock -rock music influenced by jazz styles Viewed by the “rock purist” • Overwrought music • Attempt to legitimize rock music • Aimed to broaden the market of listeners of rock music • Punk music was a revolt of Art Rock music • Leading British Art -Rock Bands of the 60/70’s • Moody blues & Pink Floyd • Moody Blues - Days of Future Passed (album) • Released in 1967 • First of what would be a succession of concept albums • Moved the band away from its early R&B roots • Epic instrumental intercludes between songs • Composed in “arc” form • Programmatic Music • Paved the way for other art rock bands Emerson, Lake & Palmer • Yes • Roger Dean • Artist, designer, architect, and publisher • Best known for work on album covers for musicians who becan paining in the late 1960s • Covers usually feature exotic, fantastic landscapes Jethro Tull • Draws more on folk art-rock style • King Crimson • The Court of the King Crimson Pink FLoyd • Experimental “space -rock” band • Inclusion of “concrete music” • Creation of themes result in concepts on a massive scale • Most grandiose albums are from the 70’s • Began as a psychedelic band • Syd Barrett - an important founding member • Barrett played a major role in the musical and stylistic direction of the band’s early work • Early stages of group used feedback, sound effects, wild instrumental freak-outs • Developed a London underground following • The bands name is based on names of two ancient bluesmen - Pink Anderson & Floyd Council The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (1967) • Pink Floyd’s debut album (only one made under Syd Barrett’s leadership) • Has been regarded as one of the most influential albums ever made (influenced the psychedelic rock scene) • Pop psychedelic style and whimsical in nature • Named after Ch. 7 of The Wind in the Willows by Kenneth Grahame (One of Barrett’s favorite children’s book published in 1908 • Makes use of space travel themes as metaphors for hallucinogenic experiences Dark Side of the Moon (73) • State of the art production • Brought the group to superstar status in U.S. • One of the biggest selling albums of all time • Album’s themes include: conflict, greed, aging, and mental illness • Partly inspired by Barrett’s deteriorating mental state