Answer: Have you ever wondered whether soccer players

Chapter 14, Problem 14.47

(choose chapter or problem)

Have you ever wondered whether soccer players suffer adverse effects from hitting headers? The authors of the article No Evidence of Impaired Neurocognitive Performance in Collegiate Soccer Players (The Amer. J. of Sports Medicine, 2002: 157162) investigated this issue from several perspectives. a. The paper reported that 45 of the 91 soccer players in their sample had suffered at least one concussion, 28 of 96 nonsoccer athletes had suffered at least one concussion, and only 8 of 53 student controls had suffered at least one concussion. Analyze this data and draw appropriate conclusions. b. For the soccer players, the sample correlation coefficient calculated from the values of x soccer exposure (total number of competitive seasons played prior to enrollment in the study) and y score on an immediate memory recall test was r .220. Interpret this result. c. Here is summary information on scores on a controlled oral word-association test for the soccer and nonsoccer atheletes: n1 26, x 1 37.50, s1 9.13, n2 56, x 2 39.63, s2 10.19 Analyze this data and draw appropriate conclusions. d. Considering the number of prior nonsoccer concussions, the values of mean sd for the three groups were .30 .67, .49 .87, and .19 .48. Analyze this data and draw appropriate conclusions.