Solution Found!
Link between cigar smoking and cancer. The Journal of the
Chapter 3, Problem 113SE(choose chapter or problem)
Problem 113SE
Link between cigar smoking and cancer. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute (Feb. 16, 2000) published the results of a study that investigated the association between cigar smoking and death from tobacco-related cancers. Data were obtained for a national sample of 137,243 American men. The results are summarized in the table. Each male in the study was classified according to his cigar-smoking status and whether or not he died from a tobacco-related cancer.
|
Died from Cancer |
Did Not Die from Cancer |
Totals |
Never Smoked Cigars |
782 |
120,747 |
121,529 |
Former Cigar Smoker |
91 |
7,757 |
7,848 |
Current Cigar Smoker |
141 |
7,725 |
7,866 |
Totals |
1,014 |
136,229 |
137,243 |
Source: Based on Shapiro, J. A., Jacobs, E. J., & Thun, M. J. “Cigar smoking in men and risk of death from tobacco-related cancers,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 92, No. 4, Feb. 16, 2000. pp. 333–337 (Table 2).
a. Find the probability that a man who never smoked cigars died from cancer.
b. Find the probability that a former cigar smoker died from cancer.
c. Find the probability that a current cigar smoker died from cancer.
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Problem 113SE
Link between cigar smoking and cancer. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute (Feb. 16, 2000) published the results of a study that investigated the association between cigar smoking and death from tobacco-related cancers. Data were obtained for a national sample of 137,243 American men. The results are summarized in the table. Each male in the study was classified according to his cigar-smoking status and whether or not he died from a tobacco-related cancer.
|
Died from Cancer |
Did Not Die from Cancer |
Totals |
Never Smoked Cigars |
782 |
120,747 |
121,529 |
Former Cigar Smoker |
91 |
7,757 |
7,848 |
Current Cigar Smoker |
141 |
7,725 |
7,866 |
Totals |
1,014 |
136,229 |
137,243 |
Source: Based on Shapiro, J. A., Jacobs, E. J., & Thun, M. J. “Cigar smoking in men and risk of death from tobacco-related cancers,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 92, No. 4, Feb. 16, 2000. pp. 333–337 (Table 2).
a. Find the probability that a man who never smoked cigars died from cancer.
b. Find the probability that a former cigar smoker died from cancer.
c. Find the probability that a current cigar smoker died from cancer.
ANSWER:
Step 1 of 3
a)
Define the events:
N: Never Smoked Cigars
F: Former Cigar Smoker
C: Current Cigar Smoker
D: Died from cancer
Using the Conditional Probability Formula, the probability that a man who never smoked cigars died from cancer is
