Ceresa, Pretsch, and Bakker44 investigated three ion-selective electrodes fordetermining

Chapter 23, Problem 23-27

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Ceresa, Pretsch, and Bakker44 investigated three ion-selective electrodes fordetermining calcium concentrations. All three electrodes used the same membrane.but differed in the composition of the inner solution. Electrode 1 was aconventional ion-selective electrode with an inner solution of 1.00 X 10-3 MCaCl, and 0.10 M NaCl. Electrode 2 (low activity of Ca '+) had an inner solutioncontaining the same analytical concentration of CaCI" but with 5.0 X 10-' MEDTA adjusted to a pH of 9.0 with 6.0 X 10-2 M NaOH. Electrode 3 (high Ca2+activity) had an inner solution of 1.00 M Ca(N03),.(a) Determine the Ca'+ concentration in the inner solution of Electrode 2.(b) Determine the ionic strength of the solution in Electrode 2.(c) Use the Debye-HOekel equation and determine the activity of Ca ,+ in Electrode2. Use 0.6 nm for the ax value for Ca ,+ (see Appendix 2).(d) Electrode 1 was used in a cell with a calomel reference electrode to measurestandard calcium solutions with activities ranging from 0.001 M to 1.00 X10-9 M. The following data were obtained.

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