The pH of lemon juice is 2, and the pH of orange juice is 4. Which of these is more

Week 12 notes Physiology for test 6 11-9-15  Actions of Angiotensin II o It is a potent vasoconstrictor o In the kidneys, it constricts glomerular arterioles. This decreases the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which in turn raises systemic arterial blood pressure. o Acts on the adrenal cortex, causing the release of aldosterone o Acts on the brain to increase the sense of thirst, and increase the desire for salt. > rise in blood pressure. o Increases the secretion of vasopressin and ACTH.  No Aldosterone/Too much Aldosterone o No aldosterone: ~8% sodium lost in the urine o Too much aldosterone: complete sodium reabsorption  Role of R-A-A system in disorders o Hypertension (high blood pressure)- can be caused by an abnormal increases in renin-angiotensin- aldosterone activity o Edema as a result of Heart failure-decrease cardiac output results in reduced blood pressure that triggers salt and fluid retention. In tissues not blood: water.  Drugs that Effect Na+ Reabsorption o Diuretics-cause “diuresis”; increased urinary output, can act by blocking Na+ reabsorption and thus, water is lost with the Na+ o ACE inhibitors-block ACE and thus the conversion of ANG I and ANG II  Transport maximum (Tm ) o The concentration of the substance that is just enough to achieve the maximum transport rate is called the tr