Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/colles) to learn about a Colles fracture, a break of the distal radius, usually caused by falling onto an outstretched hand. When would surgery be required and how would the fracture be repaired in this case?
in coming signals, uncontrolled growth and division - mutation in ras protein interferes with off switch - it cannot hydrolyze GTP - found in one third of all cancers Central Dogma DNA-RNA-Protein Central dogma and modifications - many genes code for RNA molecules that are not mRNA These RNA's are involved in rgulation of gene transcription, processing of gene transcription, processing of mRNA prior to translocation - Translation What direction is translation done in 5' to 3' Transcription from DNA template - only one strand of DNA transcribed (template strand) Non template strand The other DNA strand called non template coding strand Sequence of coding DNA strand makes one RNA except that RNA has uracil in place of thymine Prokaryotic Transcription - transcription is initiated by specific regions of DNA called promotors (regions on non template strand) (40-50) Two key regions of Prokaryotic promotors 10 box: 10 base upstream from start 35 box: 35 base upstream When does transcription begin in Prokaryotes - when the sigma identifies and binds to -10 and -35 boxes - each promoter bins to promoters with slightly different sequences Transcription in Bacteria: Initiation and Elongation - sigma opens the helix - sigma releases: transcription continues - sigma is only present at initiation and elongation Transcription in Bacteria: Termination - RNA polymerase reads a transcription termination signal in DNA template - codes for RNA that folds back on itself forming a hairpin structure - hairpin disrupts transcription complex and separates What is DNA transcribed by in
