At synovial joints, ________. a. the articulating ends of the bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue b. the ends of the bones are enclosed within a space called a subcutaneous bursa c. intrinsic ligaments are located entirely inside of the articular capsule d. the joint cavity is filled with a thick, lubricating fluid
Biodiversity Unit 4 Day 5 Phylum Chordata General Characteristics Post anal tail Notochord (used for support and movement) Pharyngeal gill slits Dorsal hollow nerve cord Subphylum Urochordata -“tunicates, sea squirts, larvaceans” -close human ancestors -colorful to warn predators -use secondary compounds for defense Subphylum Cephalochordata -“lancelets” Somatic Tissue: tissue not involved in reproduction Germinal Tissue: tissue involved in reproduction Neoteny: somatic tissue that slows down EX. Dwarfism Progenesis: germinal tissue that speeds up EX. 5-year-old w/ child Paedomorphosis/paedogenesis: adults in a childlike form *Pikaia the 1 vertebrate* Subphylum Vertebrata Class Agnatha - “jawless fish” - Ostracoderms (extinct) - Cyclostomes aka circle mouths o Lampreys & hagfish o 2 chamber heart o Persistent notochord Gnathostomes - “fish with jaws” - Hyoid arch: tissue between gill slits that forms into the jaw Class Placodermi - “first jawed fish” - Extinct - Fossil found in Ohio Class Chondrichthyes - “sharks & rays” - Bull shark most dangerous due to high levels of testosterone - Cartilaginous skeleton - Sub-terminal mouth - 2 chamber heart - No swim bladder - Notochord persistant
