Indicate the number of protons and neutrons in the following nuclei: (a)
, (b) , (c) potassium- 39 .
Foundations of Cognitive Neuroscience David Waxler Bloom’s Taxonomy 1. Create: mix to make something new 2. Evaluate: think critically about the value of data 3. Analyze: explain why something may have occurred 4. Apply: put together rules, concepts, and ideas 5. Understand: realize what the facts are saying 6. Remember: repeat facts Cognitive Neuroscience is a field involving mental processing, biology, anatomy, and physics. Brain vs Mind: Is higher mental processing a derivative of ontological series Philosopher Rene Descartes argued the mind to be distinct from the brain. 1) I am simply a thinking, non-extended thing (premise) 2) I have a distinct idea of body, in so far as this is simply an extended, non-thinking thing (premise) 3) I am really distinct from my body, and can exist without it (conclusion) In the 21st century, popular culture says cognitive processes result from the physical brain. Then is it any different from a smartphone Let’s see. 1. My brain is physical and functioning (premise) 2. Smartphones are physical and functioning (premise) 3. My brain and smartphones are equal (conclusion) Top-down and Bottom-up ● Top-down is starting from a psychological phenomena to biological mechanisms ● Bottom-up is starting from a biological mechanism to psychological phenomena There are FIVE research methods 1. Cognitive/Behavioral assessment measures information-processing a. Stroop test and memory test 2. Anatomical assessment connects anatomy to cognition
