How does the energy of attraction between particles

Chapter 11, Problem 1P

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QUESTION:

Problem 1P

How does the energy of attraction between particles compare with their energy of motion in a gas and in a solid? As part of your answer, identify two macroscopic properties that differ between a gas and a solid.

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QUESTION:

Problem 1P

How does the energy of attraction between particles compare with their energy of motion in a gas and in a solid? As part of your answer, identify two macroscopic properties that differ between a gas and a solid.

ANSWER:

Solution 1P

Here we will have to explain how does the energy of attraction between particles compared with their energy of motion in a gas and in a solid and have to identify two macroscopic properties that differ between a gas and a solid.

Step 1

The energy of attraction is called as potential energy, denoted as Ep. The energy of motion is called as kinetic energy and denoted as Ek. The phase of substance can be determined by the relative strength of potential energy and kinetic energy. In gas phase, Ep << Ek because the gas particles have very less intermolecular attraction between each other and the particles are moving fast. In solid phase, Ep >> Ek due to the strong intermolecular attraction between the particles, these particles are very close together and are only vibrating in place.

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