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In acidic solution, the breakdown of sucrose into glucose
Chapter 16, Problem 72P(choose chapter or problem)
Problem 72P
In acidic solution, the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose has this rate law: rate = k[H+][sucrose]. The initial rate of sucrose breakdown is measured in a solution that is 0.01 M H+, 1.0 M sucrose, 0.1 M fructose, and 0.1 M glucose. How does the rate change if
(a) [Sucrose] is changed to 2.5 M?
(b) [Sucrose], [fructose], and [glucose] are all changed to 0.5 M ?
(c) [H+] is changed to 0.0001 M ?
(d) [Sucrose] and [H+] are both changed to 0.1 M ?
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Problem 72P
In acidic solution, the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose has this rate law: rate = k[H+][sucrose]. The initial rate of sucrose breakdown is measured in a solution that is 0.01 M H+, 1.0 M sucrose, 0.1 M fructose, and 0.1 M glucose. How does the rate change if
(a) [Sucrose] is changed to 2.5 M?
(b) [Sucrose], [fructose], and [glucose] are all changed to 0.5 M ?
(c) [H+] is changed to 0.0001 M ?
(d) [Sucrose] and [H+] are both changed to 0.1 M ?
ANSWER:
Solution 72P
Here we have to find out how does the rate changes in the following situations.
In acidic solution, the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose has this rate law:
Rate = k[H+][sucrose].
The initial rate of sucrose breakdown is measured in a solution that is 0.01 M H+, 1.0 M sucrose, 0.1 M fructose, and 0.1 M glucose.
Step 1
(a)[Sucrose] is changed to 2.5 M
The given rate law is,
Rate = k[H+][sucrose]
[H+] = 0.01M, [sucrose] = 1.0 M
Substitute the value of [H+] in the above rate law equation,
Rate = k[0.01M][1.0 M]
If the [sucrose] increases to 2.5M, then the rate will increase by 2.5 M/1.0 M = 2.5 times as fast.
Thus when the concentration of [sucrose] changes to 2.5M, the rate will increase by 2.5 times.