Find the mass of Jupiter based on data for the orbit of one of its moons, and compare your result with its actual mass.
Unit 9 - DNAand the Genetic Code Introduction and Early Evidence of DNA • DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) - our genetic blueprint, contains instructions for creating a cell with three fundamental properties: • Stores information • Can be accurately copied and transmitted to progeny • Has the capacity to change (mutate) Frederick Griffith (1928) • Griffith was trying to develop a vaccine against pneumonia and he was studying a bacterium that causes pneumonia in mammals. There are two strains of bacterium: • Pathogenic (diseased) • Nonpathogenic (harmless). • Results showed that when heat killed pathogenic bacteria was mixed with the living cells in the nonpathogenic, some nonpathogenic cells became pathogenic. • He defined this as transformation. • Heat treatment does not destroy the “transforming activity” which suggests it isn’t a protein. • Now defined as a change in genotype and phenotype. • In 1944Avery, McCarty and Macleod showed the transforming activity was bacterial DNA. Hershey and Chase (1952) • Used radioactive sulfur and phosphorus to trace where protein and DNAwhen T2 phages infect bacterial cells. The aim was to see whether these molecules can enter the cell and reprogram a cell’s function. • They grew phage protein and DNAwith radioactive sulfur and phosphorus, then allowed the phages to attach to bacterias before putting it in a blender to rid of the attaching phages. • Results showed that radioactive DNA, not protein, was found in the bacteria. • Concludes that DNAis not a pr
