Consider a batch process in which 200 L of a

Chapter 9, Problem 9.73

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Consider a batch process in which 200 L of a pharma-ceutical are heated from 25?C to by saturatedsteam condensing at 2.455 bars as it flows through acoiled tube of 15-mm diameter and 15- m length. At anytime during the process, the liquid may be approximatedas an infinite, quiescent medium of uniform temperatureand may be assumed to have constant properties of??1100 kg/m3, c?2000 J/kg?K, k?0.25 W/m?K,??4.0?10?6m2/s, Pr?10, and ??0.002 K?1. Thethermal resistances of the condensing steam and tubewall may be neglected.Coiled tubingL, DContainment vessel, V Insulation (a) What is the initial rate of heat transfer to the phar-maceutical?(b) Neglecting heat transfer between the tank and itssurroundings, how long does it take to heat thepharmaceutical to 70?C? Plot the correspondingvariation with time of the fluid temperature and theconvection coefficient at the outer surface of the tube.How much steam is condensed during the heatingprocess?

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