At three different temperatures, T1, T2, and T3, the

Problem 11.8

At three different temperatures, , the molecules in a liquid crystal align in

these ways:  

(a) At which temperature or temperatures is the substance in a

At those temperatures, which type of liquid crystalline phase is depicted? (b) Which is

the highest of these three temperatures? [Section 11.7]

                                                      Step by step solution

Step 1 of 2

a)

In the liquid phase of any substance, the molecules are arranged randomly, where as in the liquid

crystalline phases the molecules are arranged in a partially ordered way.

At temperature  and  the substance is in liquid crystalline state.

Here, at temperature  the molecules are in smectic order. The molecules are in a smectic liquid crystalline phase that are oriented in parallel and arranging in well-defined planes.

Whereas, at temperature  the molecules are in Nematic liquid crystalline phase.

The phase of the liquid is the arrangement of the long axes of the molecules in parallel lines but not layers.

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