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SolutionStep 1Explaining 1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics According to the 1st law of thermodynamics, the change in internal energy, U of a system is the resultant of heat added to the system, Q and work done by the system, W. That is, U = Q - W ------------ (1) The negative sign of work indicates that the work is done by the system. From the equation for 1st law, we can see that, this is obeying the principle of law of conservation of energy. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, the total entropy of an isolated system is increasing as the time increases. From the 2nd law, we have got the idea, the energy will not flow from a cold object to hot object without any external influence in that system. In other words, work done on an engine will remove the heat from cold object to hot object. This is the working principle of refrigerators and air conditioners. So, there will be a parameter for defining the performance of this system similar to efficiency in heat engines. It is the coefficient of performance or COP. The coefficient of performance of a refrigerator is the ratio of useful cooling to the work provided. We can write it as, COP = Q / W--------- (2) Cooling C Where, Q - Amount of heat energy extracted from cold reservoir C W- Work done to withdraw heat from cold reservoir to hot reservoir. We know that, the work done, W = Q - Q H---C---- (3)\n Where, Q - AmoHt of heat energy exhausted to hot reservoir Therefore, COP Cooling Q C(Q - H )-C------- (4) Or, we can write, COP Cooling T C(T -H )C-------(5)Here, we have to check the provided refrigerators will violate the 1st and 2nd law ofthermodynamics.