The hydroxyl radical, OH, is formed at low altitudes via
Chapter , Problem 18.83(choose chapter or problem)
The hydroxyl radical, OH, is formed at low altitudes via the reaction of excited oxygen atoms with water: O*1g2 + H2O1g2 2 OH1g2 (a) Write the Lewis structure for the hydroxyl radical. (Hint: It has one unpaired electron.) Once produced, the hydroxyl radical is very reactive. Explain the significance of each of the following reactions or series of reactions with respect to pollution in the troposphere: (b) OH + NO2 HNO3 (c) OH + CO + O2 CO2 + OOH OOH + NO OH + NO2 (d) OH + CH4 H2O + CH3 CH3 + O2 OOCH3 OOCH3 + NO OCH3 + NO2 (e) The concentration of hydroxyl radicals in the troposphere is approximately 2 * 106 radicals per cm3 . This estimate is based on a method called long path absorption spectroscopy (LPAS), similar in principle to the Beers law measurement discussed in the Closer Look essay on p. 582, except that the length of the light path in the LPAS measurement is 20 km. Why must the path length be so large? (f) The reactions shown in (d) also illustrate a second characteristic of the hydroxyl radical: its ability to cleanse the atmosphere of certain pollutants. Which of the reactions in (d) illustrate this?
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