Name two ways you could decrease the rate of a reaction

Chapter 20 & 21 Reaction Chart – Carboxylic acids and derivatives -Chapter 20 and 21 deals with reaction/synthesis of carboxylic acids and its derivatives. There are essentially 5 different derivatives of carboxylic acid: Acid Chlorides, Anhydrides, Esters, Amides, and Nitriles. Essentially, the majority of the reactions covered in this chapter are interconverting into the different derivative forms, with the rest of the reactions mostly review from previous chapters. Again, there are 2 general mechanisms for a Carboxylic acid/derivate reaction: The Acid catalyzed mechanism, and the Basic Catalyzed mechanism, which are both shown below. -The Basic catalyzed mechanism is primarily utilized for Acid Chlorides and Anhydrides. Since the substituent attached to the acyl group (Cl or carbox