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Explain these observations in terms of the amounts of starting substances (AB) and
Chapter 0, Problem 3(choose chapter or problem)
Explain these observations in terms of the amounts of starting substances (AB) and products (A 1 B) in an equilibrium mixture. a. Artifi cial sweetener is sweeter than the same amount of sucrose. b. Much more sodium chloride, NaCl, dissolves in 1 L of water compared with silver chloride, AgCl.
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Explain these observations in terms of the amounts of starting substances (AB) and products (A 1 B) in an equilibrium mixture. a. Artifi cial sweetener is sweeter than the same amount of sucrose. b. Much more sodium chloride, NaCl, dissolves in 1 L of water compared with silver chloride, AgCl.
ANSWER:
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Equilibrium
A dynamic chemical state acquired by a chemical reaction in which the opposing processes (forward and backward reactions) occur at equal rates is denoted as equilibrium. The most common parameter that defines the equilibrium state of a reaction is its species’ concentrations.
Equilibrium is generally defined for reversible processes as the reactant concentration attains a zero value for irreversible processes with time. The reactant and product concentrations attain a non-zero constant value with time, called the equilibrium concentrations for reversible reactions.
The ratio of species concentrations (product to reactants), including their stoichiometric coefficients, determines the reactions’ equilibrium constant and favored reaction direction. An equilibrium constant value > 1 represents a product-favored reaction, and < 1 represents a reactant-favored reaction.