The range of the nuclear strong force is believed to beabout 1.2 1015 m. An early theory of nuclear physicsproposed that the particle that mediates thestrong force (similar to the photon mediating theelectromagnetic force) is the pion. Assume that thepion moves at the speed of light in the nucleus, andcalculate the time t it takes to travel between nucleons.Assume that the distance between nucleons isalso about 1.2 1015 m. Use this time t to calculatethe energy E for which energy conservation is violatedduring the time t. This E has been used toestimate the mass of the pion. What value do you determinefor the mass? Compare this value with themeasured value of 135 MeV/c2 for the neutral pion.
Articles in Journals One Author: Darling-Hammond, L. (2009). President Obama and education: The possibility for dramatic improvements in teaching and learning. Harvard Educational Review, 79(2), 210-223. Two Authors: Frank, D. A., & McPhail, M. L. (2006). Barack Obama's address to the 2004 Democratic National Convention: Trauma, compromise, consilience, and the (im)possibility of racial reconciliation. Rhetoric & Public Affairs, 8(4), 571-593. Multiple Authors: Bigler, R. S., Arthur, A. E., Hughes, J. M., & Patterson, M. M. (2008). The politics of race and gender: Children's perceptions of discrimination and the U.S. presidency. Analyses of Social Issues & Public Policy, 8(1), 83-112. doi:10.1111/j.1530-2415.2008.00161.x
