Three possible dihedral angles for H2O2 (0, 90, and 180) are shown in Fig. 1.6 on p. 19. (a) Assume that the H2O2 molecule exists predominantly in one of these arrangements. Which of the dihedral angles can be ruled out by the fact that H2O2 has a large dipole moment (2.13 D)? Explain. (b) The bond dipole moment of the OH bond is tabulated as 1.52 D. Use this fact and the overall dipole moment of H2O2 in part (a) to decide on the preferred dihedral angles in H2O2. Take the HOO bond angle to be the known value (96.5). (Hint: Apply the law of cosines.)
Continued Chapter 2 Empirical and Molecular Formula Molecular formula- chemical formula of a substance (ex. C6H12O6) Empirical- simplest whole number (ex. CH2O) Types of Compounds Ionic Compound: - Cation and Anion - Metal and Nonmetal Molecular or Covalent Compound: - Nonmetal and Nonmetal - Ends in H Acid Compounds: - Chemical formula starts with H - Ex. of strong acids- HCl, HBr, HNo3, H2SO4, HI, HClO4 Base/Basic Compounds: - Metal and Hydroxide - (OH) is an alcohol when attached to a nonmetal Naming Ionic- known cation charge, unknown cation charge (transition metals) known cation charge- element name + ion; anion- element name + -ide ending unknown cation- element + ion (roman numeral); anion- element name + -ide ending Molec
