- 6.6.47: ?Use the de Broglie relationship to determine the wavelengths of th...
- 6.6.48: ?Among the elementary subatomic particles of physics is the muon, w...
- 6.6.49: ?Neutron diffraction is an important technique for determining the ...
- 6.6.50: ?The electron microscope has been widely used to obtain highly magn...
- 6.6.51: ?Using Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, calculate the uncertaint...
- 6.6.52: ?Calculate the uncertainty in the position of (a) an electron movin...
- 6.6.53: ?Classify the following statements as either true or false: (a) In ...
- 6.6.54: ?The radial probability function for a 2s orbital is shown here. Cl...
- 6.6.55: ?(a) For n = 4, what are the possible values of l? (b) For l = 2, w...
- 6.6.56: ?How many unique combinations of the quantum numbers l and \(m_{l}\...
- 6.6.82: If you put 120 volts of electricity through a pickle, the pickle wi...
- 6.6.57: Give the numerical values of n and l corresponding to each of the f...
- 6.6.84: In August 2011, the Juno spacecraft was launched from Earth with th...
- 6.6.58: Give the values for n, l, and ml for (a) each orbital in the 2p sub...
- 6.6.85: The rays of the Sun that cause tanning and burning are in the ultra...
- 6.6.59: ?A certain orbital of the hydrogen atom has n = 4 and l = 2. (a) Wh...
- 6.6.86: The watt is the derived SI unit of power, the measure of energy per...
- 6.6.60: ?A hydrogen atom orbital has n = 5 and \(m_{l}\) = -2. (a) What are...
- 6.6.92: When the spectrum of light from the Sun is examined in high resolut...
- 6.6.61: Which of the following represent impossible combinations of n and l...
- 6.6.96: In the television series Star Trek, the transporter beam is a devic...
- 6.6.62: ?For the table that follows, write which orbital goes with the quan...
- 6.6.97: As discussed in the A Closer Look box on “Measurement and the Uncer...
- 6.6.63: ?Sketch the shape and orientation of the following types of orbital...
- 6.6.100: The Chemistry and Life box in Section 6.7 described the techniques ...
- 6.6.64: ?Sketch the shape and orientation of the following types of orbital...
- 6.6.102: Using the periodic table as a guide, write the condensed electron c...
- 6.6.65: ?(a) What are the similarities of and differences between the 1s an...
- 6.6.103: Scientists have speculated that element 126 might have a moderate s...
- 6.6.66: ?(a) With reference to Figure 6.19, what is the relationship betwee...
- 6.6.105: Microwave ovens use microwave radiation to heat food. The energy of...
- 6.6.67: ?(a) For an \(\mathrm{He}^{+}\) ion, do the 2s and 2p orbitals have...
- 6.6.109: The first 25 years of the twentieth century were momentous for the ...
- 6.6.68: (a) The average distance from the nucleus of a 3s electron in a chl...
- 6.6.69: ?Two possible electron configurations for an Li atom are shown here...
- 6.6.70: An experiment called the Stern–Gerlach experiment helped establish ...
- 6.6.71: What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy each of the...
- 6.6.72: ?What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom that can have t...
- 6.6.73: (a) What are “valence electrons”? (b) What are “core electrons”? (c...
- 6.6.74: For each element, indicate the number of valence electrons, core el...
- 6.6.75: Write the condensed electron configurations for the following atoms...
- 6.6.1: ?The speed of sound in dry air at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is 343 ...
- 6.6.76: Write the condensed electron configurations for the following atoms...
- 6.6.2: ?A popular kitchen appliance produces electromagnetic radiation wit...
- 6.6.77: ?Identify the specific element that corresponds to each of the foll...
- 6.6.3: ?The following diagrams represent two electromagnetic waves, drawn ...
- 6.6.78: ?Identify the group of elements that corresponds to each of the fol...
- 6.6.4: ?Stars do not all have the same temperature. The color of light emi...
- 6.6.79: ?The following do not represent valid ground-state electron configu...
- 6.6.5: ?The familiar phenomenon of a rainbow results from the diffraction ...
- 6.6.80: ?The following electron configurations represent excited states. Id...
- 6.6.6: ?A certain quantum-mechanical system has the energy levels shown in...
- 6.6.7: ?Consider the three electronic transitions in a hydrogen atom shown...
- 6.6.8: ?Consider a fictitious one-dimensional system with one electron. Th...
- 6.6.9: ?The contour representation of one of the orbitals for the n = 3 sh...
- 6.6.10: ?The accompanying drawing shows a contour plot for a \(d_{y z}\) or...
- 6.6.11: ?Four possible electron configurations for a nitrogen atom are show...
- 6.6.12: ?State where in the periodic table these elements appear: (a) eleme...
- 6.6.13: ?What are the basic SI units for (a) the wavelength of light, (b) t...
- 6.6.14: ?(a) What is the relationship between the wavelength and the freque...
- 6.6.15: ?Label each of the following statements as true or false. For those...
- 6.6.16: ?Determine which of the following statements are false and correct ...
- 6.6.17: ?Arrange the following kinds of electromagnetic radiation in order ...
- 6.6.18: ?List the following types of electromagnetic radiation in order of ...
- 6.6.19: ?(a) What is the frequency of radiation that has a wavelength of \(...
- 6.6.20: ?(a) What is the frequency of radiation whose wavelength is 0.86 nm...
- 6.6.21: ?A laser pointer used in a lecture hall emits light at 650 nm. What...
- 6.6.22: ?It is possible to convert radiant energy into electrical energy us...
- 6.6.23: ?If human height were quantized in 1-foot increments, what would ha...
- 6.6.24: ?Einstein’s 1905 paper on the photoelectric effect was the first im...
- 6.6.25: ?(a) Calculate the energy of a photon of electromagnetic radiation ...
- 6.6.26: ?(a) A green laser pointer emits light with a wavelength of 532 nm....
- 6.6.27: ?(a) Calculate and compare the energy of a photon of wavelength \(3...
- 6.6.28: ?An AM radio station broadcasts at 1010 kHz, and its FM partner bro...
- 6.6.29: ?One type of sunburn occurs on exposure to UV light of wavelength i...
- 6.6.30: ?The energy from radiation can be used to cause the rupture of chem...
- 6.6.31: ?A diode laser emits at a wavelength of 987 nm. (a) In what portion...
- 6.6.32: ?A stellar object is emitting radiation at 3.55 mm. (a) What type o...
- 6.6.33: ?Molybdenum metal must absorb radiation with a minimum frequency of...
- 6.6.34: ?Titanium metal requires a photon with a minimum energy of \(6.94 \...
- 6.6.35: ?Does the hydrogen atom “expand” or “contract” when an electron is ...
- 6.6.36: ?Classify each of the following statements as either true or false:...
- 6.6.37: ?Is energy emitted or absorbed when the following electronic transi...
- 6.6.38: ?Indicate whether energy is emitted or absorbed when the following ...
- 6.6.39: ?(a) Using Equation 6.5, calculate the energy of an electron in the...
- 6.6.40: ?Consider a transition of the electron in the hydrogen atom from n ...
- 6.6.41: ?The visible emission lines observed by Balmer all involved \(n_{\m...
- 6.6.42: ?The Lyman series of emission lines of the hydrogen atom are those ...
- 6.6.43: ?One of the emission lines of the hydrogen atom has a wavelength of...
- 6.6.44: ?The hydrogen atom can absorb light of wavelength 1094 nm. (a) In w...
- 6.6.45: ?Order the following transitions in the hydrogen atom from smallest...
- 6.6.46: ?Place the following transitions of the hydrogen atom in order from...
- 6.6.81: ?Consider the two waves shown here, which we will consider to repre...
- 6.6.83: ?Certain elements emit light of a specific wavelength when they are...
- 6.6.87: ?Carotenoids are yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by pl...
- 6.6.88: ?In an experiment to study the photoelectric effect, a scientist me...
- 6.6.89: ?Consider a transition in which the electron of a hydrogen atom is ...
- 6.6.90: ?The human retina has three types of receptor cones, each sensitive...
- 6.6.91: ?The series of emission lines of the hydrogen atom for which nf = 3...
- 6.6.93: ?Determine whether each of the following sets of quantum numbers fo...
- 6.6.94: ?Bohr’s model can be used for hydrogen-like ions—ions that have onl...
- 6.6.95: ?An electron is accelerated through an electric potential to a kine...
- 6.6.98: ?Consider the discussion of radial probability functions in “A Clos...
- 6.6.99: ?For orbitals that are symmetric but not spherical, the contour rep...
- 6.6.101: ?Suppose that the spin quantum number, ms, could have three allowed...
- 6.6.104: ?In the experiment shown schematically below, a beam of neutral ato...
- 6.6.106: ?The stratospheric ozone (O3) layer helps to protect us from harmfu...
- 6.6.107: ?The discovery of hafnium, element number 72, provided a controvers...
- 6.6.108: ?(a) Account for formation of the following series of oxides in ter...
- 6.6.110: ?The two most common isotopes of uranium are 235U and 238U.(a) Comp...
Solutions for Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms

Full solutions for Chemistry: The Central Science | 14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134414232
Summary of Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms
We explore quantum theory and its importance in chemistry
This expansive textbook survival guide covers the following chapters and their solutions. Chemistry: The Central Science was written by and is associated to the ISBN: 9780134414232. Since 110 problems in chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms have been answered, more than 29414 students have viewed full step-by-step solutions from this chapter. This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science, edition: 14. Chapter 6: Electronic Structure of Atoms includes 110 full step-by-step solutions.
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1,4-addition
A reaction involving the addition of two groups to a conjugated p system in which one group is installed at the C1 position and the other group is installed at the C4 position.
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alkaloids
Naturally occurring amines isolated from plants.
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Amorphous domain
A disordered, noncrystalline region in the solid state of a polymer.
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amorphous solid.
A solid that lacks a regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or molecules. (11.7)
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antibonding MO
A high-energy molecular orbital resulting from the destructive interference between atomic orbitals.
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cell potential
The potential difference between the cathode and anode in an electrochemical cell; it is measured in volts: 1 V = 1 J>C. Also called electromotive force. (Section 20.4)
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chemical shift (d)
In an NMR spectrum, the location of a signal, defined relative to the frequency of absorption of a reference compound, tetramethylsilane (TMS).
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closed system.
A system that enables the exchange of energy (usually in the form of heat) but not mass with its surroundings. (6.2)
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deshielded
In NMR spectroscopy,protons or carbon atoms whose surrounding electron density is poor.
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electronic charge
The negative charge carried by an electron; it has a magnitude of 1.602 * 10-19 C. (Section 2.3)
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Energy diagram
A graph showing the changes in energy that occur during a chemical reaction; energy is plotted on the vertical axis, and reaction progress is plotted on the horizontal axis. Also called a reaction coordinate diagram
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Fingerprint region
Vibrations in the region 1500 to 400 cm21 of an IR spectrum are complex and diffi cult to analyze but are characteristic for different molecules.
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Hydrophobic effect
The tendency of nonpolar groups to cluster so as to shield them from contact with an aqueous environment.
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metallurgy
The science of extracting metals from their natural sources by a combination of chemical and physical processes. It is also concerned with the properties and structures of metals and alloys. (Section 23.1)
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Michael donor
The nucleophile in a Michael reaction.
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nitrosonium ion
The NO+ ion, which is formed when NaNO2 is treated with HCl.
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off-resonance decoupling
In NMR spectroscopy, a technique in which only the one-bond couplings are observed. CH3 groups appear as quartets, CH2 groups appear as triplets, CH groups appear as doublets, and quaternary carbon atoms appear as singlets.
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plane of symmetry
A plane that bisects a compound into two halves that are mirror images of each other.
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Retrosynthesis
A process of reasoning backwards from a target molecule to a suitable set of starting materials.
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Solvolysis
A nucleophilic substitution in which the solvent is also the nucleophile