Solutions for Chapter 16: Acid-Base Equilibria

The position immediately adjacent to a functional group.

The individual repeating units in a polypeptide chain or protein.

A liquid mixture of constant composition with a boiling point that is different from that of any of its components.

The volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. (5.3)

A compound in which two p bonds are separated from each other by exactly one s bond.

A polymer containing two or more different monomers. (25.2)

The gradual mixing of molecules of one gas with the molecules of another by virtue of their kinetic properties. (5.7)

A compound containing two hydroxyl groups (OH).

The amount of partial charge (d ) on either end of a dipole multiplied by the distance of separation (d): m=d × d

Therange of all frequencies of electromagnetic radiation,which is arbitrarily divided into severalregions, most commonly by wavelength.

The requirement for an odd number of p electron pairs in order for a compound to be aromatic.

The difference between the mass of a nucleus and the total masses of the individual nucleons that it contains. (Section 21.6)

In atomic and molecular orbitals, a location where the value of y is zero.

A device that uses strong magnetic and electrostatic fields to accelerate charged particles. (Section 21.3)

A complex mixture of undesirable substances produced by the action of sunlight on an urban atmosphere polluted with automobile emissions. The major starting ingredients are nitrogen oxides and organic substances, notably olefins and aldehydes. (Section 18.2)

A triglyceride having several carbon-carbon double bonds in the hydrocarbon chains of its three fatty acids.

An alternative name for an imine

A reaction with a negative DG, which means that products are favored at equilibrium.

In IR spectroscopy, the location of each signal is reported in terms of this frequency-related unit.

Groups that weakly deactivate an aromatic ring toward electrophilic aromatic substitution, thereby decreasing the rate of the reaction.